ABSTRACT
Between the Optical Probe and Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
7.5 Dependence of Thermo-Optical Response of Localized Reflectance of
Human Skin on Diabetic State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
7.6 Test for Diabetic State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
7.7 Biological Noise and Glucose Determinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
7.8 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
This chapter reviews use of temperature modulated localized reflectance studies to
elucidate the role of the skin as an optical window for the noninvasive determination
of glucose. What is the role of probe-skin interaction on the optical signal, what is
the effect of temperature on the measured absorption and scattering coefficients of
human skin? Does the effect of temperature vary with the diabetic state of a per-
son? Contact between a measurement probe and skin leads to temperature changes,
change in skin hydration by blocking water vapor permeation and mechanical pres-
sure, which causes partial occlusion.
