ABSTRACT
College of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin Univer-
sity, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
Ruikang K. Wang
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University 3303
SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239
10.1 The Principles and Issues on the Measurement of Blood Glucose Using
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
10.2 Factors of Influencing the Measuring Precision of Glucose Monitor . . . . . . . . 287
10.3 Noninvasive Glucose Measurement and Human-Spectrometer Interface
Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
10.4 Challenges and Solutions in In Vivo Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring 307
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Over the past decades, noninvasive blood glucose monitoring has become an in-
creasing important topic in the realm of biomedical engineering. Particularly, the
introduction of optical approaches has brought exciting advances to this field. How-
ever, there is still no clinically feasible method for continuously monitoring of the in
vivo human blood glucose concentration at the physiological level. This is probably
because the instrumental response to the glucose specific signal is feeble compared
to those of other compounds in the complex physiological system. An effective
solution to this problem will represent a major advance in this field. This chapter an-
alyzes the challenges faced by continuous in vivo blood glucose monitoring by use of
near-infrared spectroscopy on both the aspects of methodological and instrumental
implement. Some critical and imperative issues are identified and the promising and
viable countermeasures are suggested at the end of this chapter.
