ABSTRACT
Symptoms and diagnostic features Symptoms consist of stunted plants and reduced foliage. Leaves are severely rolled upwards, crinkled (144, 145), and sometimes form enations which are small, swollen growths visible on the lower leaf surface. Taproots can become distorted and support proliferation of fine roots, resulting in a ‘hairy root’ symptom; this root proliferation symptom can be misdiagnosed as rhizomania. Phloem tissue can be necrotic when seen in dissected roots.
