ABSTRACT
93 A lateral abdominal radiograph of a five-year-old, male Beagle is shown (93a). Diagnostic evaluation of this dog identified pylonephritis (urine culture grew Escherichia coli) and mild azotemia (urea 6.97 mmol/l (BUN 42 mg/dl)), urine specific gravity 1,020). Surgical removal of the calculi is planned. i. Which surgical technique is least deleterious to renal function? ii. If the technique from (i.) is not applicable, which technique is most commonly used? What are the consequences on renal function? iii. What should be thought of less invasive procedures such as lithotripsy for animals?
