ABSTRACT
The last several decades have seen signifi cant progress in the development of short-term tests for the detection of chemical mutagens and carcinogens. This advancement relies on understanding the complex processes leading to the potential carcinogenic actions of these chemicals and how short-term tests screen for human hazards. The in vitro tests encompass a wide variety of methods that are quicker, more economical, and more convenient than whole-animal tests for the detection of mutations, chromosome breakage, and other genetic effects.
