ABSTRACT
On another view, the police are far more confrontational and there is more conflict. The police is more akin to a military force. This approach to the role of the police is at the opposite extreme to the consensus model of policing and is usually referred to as military policing. There is little consensus between the police and citizens. The police are not viewed as part of the community and citizens generally fear a police force that is seen as oppressive, particularly against some categories or groups of citizens. Due to the lack of consensus, there is little or no flow of information about crime from citizens to the police. Without a flow of information, the police have to initiate investigations that may result in the harassment of some citizens or groups of citizens, with the result that stereotypes develop, or they may resort to more intrusive methods of surveillance.
