ABSTRACT
For these purposes, there is a complex web of provisions in the ZPO and international treaties (‘Staatsverträge’). The latter can, in turn, be multilateral (eg, the well known Hague Conventions) or bilateral/special (‘Sonderverträge’). Moreover, quite apart from-and superimposed on-these, are conventions (‘Übereinkommen’) or measures enacted on the level of the Council of Europe, the European Union and the United Nations.6
