Acronyms and Abbreviations

A Assembly (GEF) AAAID Arab Authority for Agricultural Investment and Develop-

ment AACCLA Latin American Association of American Chambers of

Commerce AALCC Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee AAPA American Association of Port Authorities AARINENA Association of Agricultural Research Institutions in the

Near East and North Africa AARS Automatic Aircraft Reporting System AAS African Academy of Sciences AAU Assigned Amount Unit (UNFCCC) ABC Brazilian Cooperation Agency ABCDE Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics

(World Bank) ABM Australian Bureau of Meteorology ABS Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing (CBD) AC (1) Accession Countries AC (2) Animal Committee (CITES) AC (3) Aårhus Convention AC (4) armed conflict AC (5) African Conservancy AC(6) Ad Hoc Committee ACABQ UN Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budget-

ary Questions ACAL Latin American Academy of Sciences (Venezuela)

ACAP Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels

ACC (1) Administrative Committee on Coordination ACC (2) Cuban Academy of Sciences ACCOBAMS Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the

Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area

ACCSWR Administrative Committee on Coordination, Sub-Committee on Water Resources

ACCU Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO ACDA Arms Control and Disarmament Agency ACDI American Cooperatives Development International (Bra-

zil) ACI International Cooperative Alliance ACIA Arctic Climate Impact Assessment ACMED African Centre of Meteorological Applications for Devel-

opment ACP Africa, Caribbean, and Pacific ACP-EUWF Africa, Caribbean, Pacific – European Union Water Facil-

ity ACS Association of Caribbean States ACSAD Arab Centre for the Studies of Arid Zones and Drylands ACTS African Centre for Technology Studies ACTT African Centre for Technology Transfer (GEF) ACWP African Conservancy for Wildlife Protection ADA (1) Austrian Development Agency ADA (2) Australian Development Agency ADB (1) African Development Bank (sometimes AfDB) ADB (2) Asian Development Bank (sometimes AsDB) ADC (1) Andean Development Corporation ADC (2) African Development Council AdE Water Academy of France ADELA Atlantic Community Development Group for Latin Amer-

ica ADF African Development Fund ADI acceptable daily intake ADPC Asian Disaster Preparedness Center ADR alternative dispute resolution ADRC Asian Disaster Reduction Center AEC African Economic Council AECI Spanish Agency for International Cooperation AEGDM ASEAN Experts Group on Disaster Management AEPS Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy AERYD Asociación Española de Riegos y Drenajes AESN Agence de l’Eau Seine-Normandie (France) AETF Australian Emissions Trading Forum Review AEWA Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Mi-

gratory Waterbirds

AEWS accident emergency warning system AFD Agence Française Développement AfDB African Development Bank (sometimes ADB) AFESD Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development AFLEG African Forest Law Enforcement and Governance AFOLU Agriculture, Forests, and other Land Use (UNFCCC) AFPPD Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and De-

velopment AFSED Arab Fund for Social and Economic Development AFTA (1) ASEAN Free Trade Area AFTA (2) Andean Free Trade Association AFWC African Forestry and Wildlife Commission AG (1) Assembly of Governors (IDB) AG (2) Australia Group AG13 Ad hoc Group on Article 13 (UNFCCC) AGBM Ad hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate (UNFCCC) AGCM atmospheric general circulation model (WMO) AGDP agricultural gross domestic product AGFUND Arab Gulf Programme for the United Nations Develop-

ment Organization AGHCL Advisory Group on Harmonization of Classification and

Labeling (OECD) AGIRS Agriculture Investment Research Service (IBRD) AGO Australian Greenhouse Office AGORA Access to Global Online Research in Agriculture AGR Agriculture Department (WB) AGR

EMP percentage of labor force in agricultural sector

AHEG Ad Hoc Expert Group AHEG PARAM UN Ad-hoc Group on Consideration with a view to Rec-

ommending the Parameters of a Mandate for Developing a Legal Framework on all Types of Forests

AHTEG Ad Hoc Technical Working Group AIA (1) Advance Informed Agreement (Cartagena Protocol on

Bio-safety) AIA (2) American International Association for Economic and So-

cial Development AIACC agricultural impact assessment of climate change AIC African Investment Association AID Agency for International Development (USA) AIDA International Association for Water Law AIDIS Pan-American Engineering Association for the Public

Health and Environment AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome (UN) AIH American Institute of Hydrology AIJ Activities Implemented Jointly (UNFCCC) AIMS Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean, and the South

China Seas (SIDS grouping)

AIRC Asia International Rivers Center (China) AIRVIEW Air Quality Visualization Instrument for Europe on the

Web AIT Asian Institute of Technology (Thailand) AIXG Annex I Expert Group (UNFCCC) ALA EU’s Assistance Programme in Asia and Latin America ALADI Latin American Institute for Integration and Develop-

ment ALALC Latin American Association of Free Commerce ALCORDES Latin American Association of Regional Development

Associations ALESCO Arab Centre for the Study of Arid Zones and Dry Lands

(LAS) ALIDE Latin American Association of Development Finance

Institutions ALIDES Central American Alliance for Sustainable Development ALMAE Alliance Maghreb Machrek pour l’Eau (Morocco) ALTERRA International Land Research Institute (Wageningen

University, The Netherlands) AMAP Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme AMCEN African Ministerial Conference on the Environment AMCOW African Ministers’ Council on Water AMF Arab Monetary Fund AMH Mexican Association of Hydraulics AMNCA Alianza Mexicana par la Nueva Cultura del Aguas AMU Arab Maghreb Union ANA National Water Agency (Brazil) ANBO African Network for Basin Organization ANCEFN National Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural

Sciences (Argentina) ANCYT National Academy of Science and Technology (Peru) ANEW Africa Network of Civil Society Organizations ANGO Advocacy NGO ANPED Northern Alliance for Sustainability AoA Agreement on Agriculture (WTO) AOAD Arab Organization for Agricultural Development AOML Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory AONB Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty AOSIS Alliance of Small Island States AP (1) Alliance for Progress AP (2) associated program APD approved project document (IDB) APE assimilative potential of the environment APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum APELL alert and preparedness for emergencies at local level APEP Alliance for Progress APFC Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission APFED Asia-Pacific Forum for Environment and Development

APFM Associated Programme on Flood Management APL adaptable program lending APO Asian Productivity Organization APPCDC Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Cli-

mate APPP annual participatory programming process APR Annual Programme/Project Report (GEF) APS ambient permit system APWF Asia Pacific Water Forum AQUASTAT Country Information on Water and Agriculture AR agricultural research A/R afforestation/reforestation AR4 IPCC Fourth Assessment Report ARC (1) Agricultural Research Centre ARC (2) Agricultural Research Council ARC (3) Alliance to Rescue Civilization ARD afforestation, reforestation and deforestation ARES African Regional Environmental Strategy ARF ASEAN Regional Forum ArgCapNet Argentine Water Education and Capacity Building

Network ARI Agricultural Research Institute ARIDE Assessment of the Regional Impact of Droughts in

Europe ASA Association for Social Advancement ASAL lands arid or semi-arid lands (UN) ASARECA Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in

Eastern and Central Africa ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASCOBANS Agreement on the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of

the Baltic and North Seas ASD Asian Development Bank AsDB Asian Development Bank ASE Alliance to Save Energy ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASG Assistant Director General ASIL American Society of International Law ASIP Inter American Press Association ASOEN ASEAN Senior Officials on Environment ASR artificial storage and recovery ASRWG-ICID International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage,

Asian Regional Working Group ASSMAE Associacao Nacional de Servicios Municipais de Saneamiento

(Brazil) ASTHyDA analysis, synthesis and transfer of knowledge and tools on

hydrological droughts assessment through a European network

ASWAF Africa Safe Water Foundation (Nigeria)

ATL technical cooperation loan (IDB) ATO (1) African Timber Organization ATO (2) Arab Towns Organization ATS Antarctic Treaty System ATT advanced treatment technology ATTP Advanced Technical Training Programme (UNESCO) AU (1) African Union AU (2) anti-bribery undertaking AUDMP Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Program AusAid Australian Agency for International Development AVHRR advanced very high-resolution radiometer AVU African Virtual University AWA Australian Water Association AWARENET Arab Integrated Water Resources Management Network AWB Association of Water Boards (Germany) AWC Arab Water Council AWEC Annual Water Experts Conference AWF African Water Facility (AfDB) AWG Advisory Working Group (CHy of WMO) AWGB Ad Hoc Working Group on Biodiversity (GEF/STAP) AWGGWE Ad Hoc Working Group on Global Warming and Energy

(GEF) AWMC Advanced Wastewater Management Centre (Australia) AWP Area Water Partnership (GWP) AWRA American Water Resources Association AWTF African Water Task Force

BA beneficiary assessment BAA Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas BACT best available control technology BADEA Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa BAHC biospheric aspects of the hydrological cycle BAPA Buenos Aires Plan of Action (UNFCCC) BAS Academy of Sciences (Bangladesh, Brazil) BASD Business Action for Sustainable Development Basel Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary

Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal BAT best available technology BATNEEC best available technology not entailing excessive cost BAU business as usual BBC British Broadcasting Corporation BCA benefit-cost analysis BCH Biosafety Clearing House (CBD) BCHM Belgium Clearing House Mechanism BCIS Biodiversity Conservation Information System

BCR benefit-cost ratio BCSD Business Council for Sustainable Development BCSR Bahrain Centre for Studies and Research BDC biological data collection BDDC British Development Division – Caribbean BDO Buccament Development Organization BE Special Voluntary Trust Fund of the CBD BEGIN Basic Education for Growth Initiative (Japan) BEP best environmental practice BGR Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources

(Germany) BICC Bonn International Centre for Conversion (Germany) BINGO Business and Industry NGO BIONET Biodiversity Action Network BIT Bilateral Investment Treaties BKA Federal Chancellery (Austria) BLICC Business Leaders Initiative on Climate Change BLKALET Block A Agreement Letter (GEF) BMA Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Austria) BMENA Broader Middle East and North Africa BMP best management practice BMU German Federal Ministry of Environment BMZ German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and

Development BNGO Business NonGovernmental Organization BNSC British National Space Centre BOD biological oxygen demand BOG Board of Governors BOO build, own, operate BOT build, operate, transfer BP bank procedures (WB) BPA Barbados Plan of Action (SIDS) BPDWS Building Partnerships for Development in Water and Sani-

tation BPEO best practicable environmental option BPM best practicable means BPOA Barbados Plan of Action (SIDS) BPP Blue Planet Project BPPE Bureau for Programme Policy and Evaluation (GEF) BRG Genetic Resources Board (France) BRGM French Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines BRIC countries Brazil, Russia, India and China BSE bovine spongiform encephalopathy ‘mad cow disease’ BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSH basic systems in hydrology BSWG Open-ended Ad Hoc Working Group on Biosafety (CBD) BTC Belgian Technical Cooperation BTWC/BWC Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention

BUWAL Swiss Agency for Environment, Forests and Landscape BVI British Virgin Islands BWO Basin Water Organization BWP (1) Bretton Woods Project BWP (2) Bangladesh Water Partnership BY Trust Fund for the Convention (CBD) BZ Special Voluntary Trust Fund to Facilitate Participation by

the Parties to the Convention (CBD)

C&C contraction and convergence C&I criteria and indicators C2D Contract for Debt Relief and Development CA (1) cooperating agency CA (2) cooperative agreement CA (3) Central Administration (Italy) CA (4) comprehensive assessment of water management in agri-

culture CA (5) Chamber of Accounts CAA Clean Air Act CAADP Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Pro-

gramme CABEI Central American Bank for Economic Integration CAC (1) Central American Agricultural Advisory Board CAC (2) Codex Alimentarius Commission CAC (3) command and control CAC&M Central Asia, Caucasus and Moldova CACAM Central Asia, Caucasus, Albania and Moldova CACILM Central Asia Countries Institutions for Land Manage-

ment CACM Central American Common Market CAD Administrative Commission of the Executive Directorate

(IDB) CAETS International Council of Academies of Engineering and

Technological Sciences CAEU Council of Arab Economic Unity CAF (1) Andean Development Corporation CAF (2) Conflict Analysis Framework (WB) CAF (3) Conserve Africa Foundation CAFÉ Clean Air for Europe Programme CAFF Conservation Council Conservation of Arctic Flora and

Fauna CAFTA Central American Free Trade Agreement CAI Clean Air Initiative CAMLR Commission or the Conservation of Antarctic Marine

Living Resources

CAMRE Council of Arab Ministers Responsible for the Environment

CAN (1) Andean Community of Nations (Comunidad de las Naciones Andinas)

CAN (2) Climate Action Network CAN (3) Country Assistance Note CANSA Climate Action Network Southeast Asia CANUS Climate Action Network United States CAP Common Agricultural Policy CAPAM Commonwealth Association for Public Management CAPNET International Network for Capacity Building for Integrat-

ed Water Resources Management (GWP) CAR Central Asian Republics CARA Central American Water Resource Management Net-

work CARAPHIN Caribbean Animal and Plant Health Information Net-

work CARDI Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Insti-

tute CAREC Regional Development Centre for Central Asia CARIBANK Caribbean Development Bank CARICOM Caribbean Community and Common Market CARICOMP Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity Program CARIFTA Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIRI Caribbean Industrial Research Institute CARIS Chemical Accident Response Information System CAS (1) Academy of Sciences (Cameroon, Chile, China, Costa

Rica) CAS (2) Country Assistance Strategy (WB) CAS (3) Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (WMO) CAS (4) complex adaptive systems CASIN Centre for Applied Studies in International Negotiations CAT Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or

Degrading Treatment or Punishment CATAC Central American Technical Committee (GWP) CATEP Certified Action on Tradable Emissions Permits CATHALAC Water Center for the Humid Tropics of Latin America

and the Caribbean, Panama (UNESCO) CATIE Tropical Agriculture Training and Research Center CATNIP cheapest available technology not involving prosecution CAWST Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology CAZALAC Water Centre for Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of

Latin America and the Caribbean, La Serena, Chile (UNESCO)

CAZRI Central Arid Zone Research Institute (India) CB capacity building (UNDP) CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBDR common but differentiated responsibilities

CBE Centre for Built Environment CBF Chesapeake Bay Foundation CBH capacity-building in hydrology and water resources CBI (1) confidential business information CBI (2) Caribbean Basin Initiative CBI (3) cross-border initiative CBNRM Community Based Natural Resource Management CBO community-based organization CBRST Centre for Scientific and Technical Research (Benin) CBS Commission for Basic Systems (WMO) CBW chemical and biological weapons/warfare CCs collaborating centers CCA (1) Common Country Assessment CCA (2) Caribbean Conservation Association CCA (3) Coalition for Clean Air CCA (4) Consejo Consultivo del Agua (Mexico) CCAD Central American Commission for Environment and

Development CCAMLR Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine

Living Resources CCAP Climate Change Action Plan CCC Caribbean Conservation Corporation CCCC Caribbean Climate Change Centre CCCDF Canada Climate Change Development Fund CCCO Committee for Climate Changes and the Ocean CCD Convention to Combat Desertification CCF Country Cooperation Framework CCHRI Centre for Community Health Research (India) CCI (1) Commission for Climatology (WMO) CCI (2) crosscutting issues CCJ Caribbean Court of Justice CCL Climate Change Levy CCLM Committee on Constitutional and Legal Matters (IU) CCOHS Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety CCOL Coordinating Committee on the Ozone Layer (UNEP) CCP Copenhagen Consensus Project (Denmark) CCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights CCPR-OP1 Optional Protocol to the CCPR CCRH Central American Commission for Water Resources CCS capture, compression, and sequestration of CO

CCSM Community Climate Systems Model (IPCC) CCX Chicago Climate Exchange (Market for GHG) CD (1) Conference on Disarmament CD (2) Convention to Combat Desertification CD (3) capacity development CD (4) Community of Democracies CD4CDM Capacity Development for Clean Development Mecha-

nism

CDB Caribbean Development Bank CDC (1) Conservation Data Center CDC (2) Center for Disease Control and Prevention (USA) CDEF Community Development Carbon Fund (WB) CDERA Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency CDF (1) Comprehensive Development Framework (WB) CDF (2) Clean Development Fund (UNFCCC) CDI Capacity Development Initiative CDIAC Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center CDM Clean Development Mechanism (UNFCCC) CDMS Comprehensive Disaster Management Strategy CDP Carbon Disclosure Project CDQs community development quotas CDRM Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management CE Central Europe CEA (1) Cumulative Effects Assessment CEA (2) cost-effectiveness analysis CEAC Commission on Education and Communication (IUCN) CEB Chief Executive Board (UN) CEC (1) Commission of the European Communities CEC (2) Commission for Environmental Cooperation (NAFTA) CEC (3) Council on Environmental Quality (USA) CECAL European Committee for Cooperation with Latin

America CECLA Special Coordination Committee for Latin America (UN) CECODHAS European Liaison Committee for Social Housing CECON Special Commission for Consultation and Negotiation CEDARE Centre for Environment and Development in the Arab

Region and Europe CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimi-

nation against Women CE-DESD China-Europe Dialogue and Exchange for Sustainable

Development CEE Central and Eastern Europe CEESP Commission on Environmental, Economic, and Social

Policy (IUCN) CEETAC Central and Eastern Europe Technical Advisory

Committee (GWP) CEFIC European Chemical Industry Council CEFTA Central European Free Trade Agreement CEH Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK) CEHI Caribbean Environmental Health Institute CEIP Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (US) CEITs Countries with Economies in Transition CEL (1) Commission on Environmental Law (IUCN) CEL (2) Latin American Economic Community CEM (1) Country Economic Memorandum CEM (2) Commission on Ecosystem Management (IUCN)

CEM (3) Committee on Economic Information and Market Intelligence (ITTA)

CEMDA Mexican Center for Environmental Law CENAREST National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research

(Gabon) CENTO Central Asian Treaty Organization CEO (1) Centre for Earth Observation CEO (2) Chief Executive Officer (GEF) CEOP Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period CEOS Committee for Earth Observation Satellites CEP Caribbean Environment Programme (UNEP) CEPAT Continuing Education Programme in Agricultural

Technology CEPES European Centre for Higher Education (Bucharest,

Romania) (UNESCO) CEPREDENAC Coordination Center for the Prevention of Natural

Disasters in Central America CEPS Centre for European Policy Studies CEQ (1) Commission for Environmental Quality (NAAEC) CEQ (2) Council on Environmental Quality (USA) CER (1) Certified Emissions Reduction CER (2) Comprehensive Evaluation Report CER (3) Closer Economic Relations CERD International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms

of Racial Discrimination CERES Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies CERMES Centre for Resource Management and Environmental

Studies (UWI, Barbados) CERN Chinese Ecosystem Research Network CERP Comprehensive Environmental Restoration Plan CERT Committee on Energy Research and Technology and

Working Parties (IEA) CES Compensation for Ecosystem Services CESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights CESI Committee for Environmental and Social Impacts (IDB) CETA Conventional Energy Technical Assistance CF Caisse Française, French Development Assistance Agency CFA (1) concessional finance arrangement CFA (2) Committee on Finance and Administration (ITTA) CFAA Country Financial Accountability Assessment (WB) CFAW Canadian Fund for Africa on Water CFC chlorofluorocarbon CFDT Committee on Forest Development in the Tropics (FAO) CFI Committee on Forest Industry (ITTA) CFL compact fluorescent lamp CFP Common Fisheries Policy (EEA) CFR (1) case fatality rate

CFR (2) Council on Foreign Relations (USA) CFS Committee on World Food Security CFT Conservation Rainforest Trust CFTC Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation CFZA Common Fisheries Zone Agreement CG (1) Canadian Government CG (2) Consultative Group (WB) CG/HCCS Coordinating Group for the Harmonization of Chemical

Classification Systems (OECD) CG-11 Central Group-11 CGC Center for Green Chemistry (US) CGD Center for Global Development (US) CGD/FP Center for Global Development/Foreign Policy (Commit-

ment to Development Index) CGE (1) Consultative Group of Experts (UNFCCC) CGE (2) Compatible General Equilibrium CGG Commission on Global Governance CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research

(IBRD) CGIAR-CA CGIAR Comprehensive Assessment of Water Manage-

ment in Agriculture CGIAR-CPWF CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food CGLU United Cities and Local Governance (UN) CGMW Commission for the Geological Map of the World CGP Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest (IBRD) CGRFA Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and

Agriculture CH

CHARM see ICHARM CHINATAC China Technical Advisory Committee (GWP) CHM Clearing House Mechanism (SBD) CHOGM Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting CHP combined heat and power CHR Commission on Human Rights CHS Commission on Human Security CHy Commission for Hydrology of WMO CI (1) Conservation International CI (2) Consumers International CIAB The Coal Industry Advisory Board (IEA) CIAT International Centre for Tropical Agriculture CIC/Plata Intergovernmental Coordination Committee of the Plata

Basin Countries (OAS) CICERO Centre for International Climate and Energy Research,

Oslo CICI International Conference on the Contribution of Criteria

and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management CICR Center for International Conflict Resolution CIDA Canadian International Development Agency

CIDH Inter-American Human Rights Commission CIDI Inter-American Commission for Integral Development

(OAS) CIDIE Committee of International Development Institutions on

the Environment CIDS Inter-American Committee for Sustainable Development

(OAS) CIESIN Consortium/Center for International Earth Science

Information Network CIFIC Council for International and Economic Cooperation

(CFR) CIFOR Center for International Forestry Research CIGR International Commission of Agricultural Engineering CIHEAM International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean

Agronomic Studies CILSS Convention Establishing a Permanent Inter-States

Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel CI-K contribution in-kind CIMMYT International Center for the Improvement of Maize and

Wheat CINARA Regional Centre on Urban Water Management for Latin

America and the Caribbean (Colombia) CIP International Potato Center CIPAC Collaborative International Pesticide Analytical Council CIRA Centro Interamericano para Investigaciones de Recursos de Agua

(Mexico) CIRAD French Agricultural Research Centre for International

Development CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

of Wild Fauna and Flora CITMA Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (Cuba) CITO Center for International Training and Outreach (Univer-

sity of Idaho, US) CIVICUS World Alliance for Citizen Participation CK-Net Collaborative Knowledge Network (Indonesia) CLAEH Latin American Center for Water Studies CLAES Centro Latino Americano de Ecologia Social CLAPN Latin American Committee for National Parks CLC Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution CLCS Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf CLEQM Central Laboratory for Environmental Monitoring

(Egypt) CLI Country-led Initiative CLIVAR Climate Variability Research Programme CMA critical marine area CMAP Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of

Precipitation

CMC Center for Marine Conservation CMP (1) Carbon Market Programme (UNFCCC) CMP (2) Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC serving as the

Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC) CMS Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of

Wild Animals CN (1) conference notes CN (2) committee notes CNA (1) Climate Network Africa CNA (2) National Water Commission (Mexico) CNE Climate Network Europe CNF Canadian Nature Federation CNMC Committee on Non-Member Countries (IEA) CNPPA Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas

(IUCN) CNPq Brazilian National Research Council CNRS National Centre for Scientific Research (France) CNS Center for Nonproliferation Studies CO (1) Country Office CO (2) carbon monoxide CO

COA Comité Operativo de las Américas COAG Committee on Agriculture (FAO) COBSEA Coordination Body on the Seas of East Asia COCEF Ecological Transboundary Cooperation Commission COD chemical oxygen demand CoE Center of Excellence COFO Committee on Forestry (FAO) COHG Conference of Heads of Governments of the Caribbean

Community COLCIENCIAS Colombian Institute for Development of Science and

Technology COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COMEST World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge

and Technology (UNESCO) CONACyT National Council for Science and Technology (Latin

America) CONAFOR Comisión Nacional Forestal (Mexico) CONAGUA Comisión Nacional de Agua (Mexico) CONCAUSA Central America/United States Joint Accord CONDESAN Consortium for Sustainable Development in the Andean

Region CONF conference (document identification) CONGO Conference of Non-Governmental Organizations in Con-

sultative Relationships with the United Nations CONICET National Council of Scientific and Technical Research

(Latin America) CoP (1) Community of Practice (WB)

COP (2) Conference of the Parties to a Convention COP (3) Country Operational Programme (EU) COPUOS Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UN) CORECA Regional Council for Agricultural Cooperation in Central

America, Mexico and the Dominican Republic COREPER Committee of Permanent Representatives (EU) CORINE Coordination of Information on the Environment in Eu-

rope (CEC) CO/RSAT Operations Committee/Technical Assistance Request

Summary (IDB) CO/RSP Operations Committee/Loan Request Summary (IDB) COW Committee of the Whole COWAR Committee on Water Research (of the ICSU) CP (1) Conference of Parties (document identification) CP (2) press release (IDB) CP (3) Consulting Partners (GWP) CPA (1) Country Performance Assessment CPA (2) Loan Committee (IDB) CPA (3) Consolidated Plan of Action CPACC Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Climate Change CPAN Circumpolar Protected Area Network CPC Climate Prediction Center CPD Commission on Population and Development CPF Collaborative Partnership on Forests CPGR/CGR Commission for Plant Genetic Resources/Genetic

Resources (FAO) CPI (1) Corruption Perceptions Index CPI (2) Consumer Price Index CPIA Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (ADB) CPLP Community of Portuguese Speaking Nations CPPF Canadian Project Preparation Trust Fund (IDB) CPR (1) Committee of Permanent Representatives CPR (2) common pool resources CPR (3) Personnel Committee (IDB) CPR (4) Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction Unit (WB) CPS Cleaner Production Assessment CPWC Cooperative Programme on Water and Climate CR Country Report (GEF) CRAMLR Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral

Resources CRC (1) Convention on the Rights of the Child CRC (2) Chemical Review Committee (Rotterdam Convention) CRED Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters CREHO RAMSAR Regional Centre for Training and Research on

Wetlands in the Western Hemisphere CRF (1) common reporting format CRF (2) Committee on Reforestation and Forest Management

(ITTA)

CRIC Committee for the Review of the Implementation of the Convention to Combat Desertification

CRMI Coastal Resources Management Initiative CROP Council of Regional Organizations in the Pacific CRP conference-room paper CRRH Regional Commission for Water Resources CRS Creditor Reporting System (OECD) CRUESI Research Centre for the Utilization of Brackish Water in

Irrigation (Tunisia) CSA (1) cost sharing agreement CSA (2) Central Statistics Authority CSAG Civil Society Advisory Group CSC Commonwealth Council (UK) CSCO Caspian Sea Cooperation Organization CSD Commission on Sustainable Development CSDS Countries in Special Development Situations (UN) CSD-WAND Commission on Sustainable Development – Water Action

and Networking Database CSE Centre for Science and Environment (India) CSI Environment and Development in Coastal Regions and

Small Islands (UNESCO) CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (South

Africa, India) CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research

Organization (Australia) CSM climate system model CSME CARICOM Single Market and Economy CSMP Center for the Study of Marine Policy (University of

Delaware) CSN Comunidad Sudamericana de Naciones CSO Civil Society Organization CSocD Commission for Social Development (UN) CSR Civil Service Reform CSRIO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research

Organization CST Committee on Science and Technology (CCD) CSW Commission on the Status of Women CTBT Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (IAEA) CTE Committee on Trade and Environment (WTO) CTI (1) Climate Technology Initiative (UNFCCC) CTI (2) Climate Technology Institute CTIP Climate Technology Implementation Plan (UNFCCC) CTM Center for Transdisciplinary Environmental Research

(Sweden) CTO (1) Certified Tradable Offsets (UNFCCC) CTO (2) Caribbean Tourist Organization CU (1) conservation unit CU (2) country unit (IBRD)

CUCSD China-US Center for Sustainable Development (US and Beijing)

CV curriculum vitae CVD countervailing duties CVI Climate Vulnerability Index CVM contingent valuation method CVPU country valuation project unit (GEF but outdated) CWC Chemical Weapons Convention CWIS Center for World Indigenous Studies CWP Country Water Partnership (GWP) CWRA Canadian Water Resources Association CWS Cities without Slums CY calendar year CZM coastal zone management

D&FD deforestation and forest degradation DA development assistance DAC Development Assistance Committee (OECD) DADG Deputy Assistant Director General DALY disability adjusted life year DANCED Danish Cooperation for Environment and Development DANIDA Danish International Development Agency DATA Debt, AIDS, Trade, Africa (UK) DAW Division for the Advancement of Women (UN) DB development business (WB) Db decibels DC developed country DCA Development Control Authority DCI Development Cooperation Ireland DCS data collection system DDC (1) Direction de Développement et de la Cooperation (Switzerland) DDC (2) Data Distribution Center DDC (3) Department of Development Cooperation (Austria) DDG Deputy Director General DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanne DE decentralized energy path DEC Division of Environmental Conventions (UNEP) Dec decision (document identification) DEFRA Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

(UK) DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DEPHA Data Exchange Platform for the Horn of Africa DES dietary energy supply DESA United Nations Department of Economic and Social

Affairs

DESD UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development DESIP Demographic, Environmental, and Security Issues Project

(UN) DETS emissions trading scheme DEWA Division of Early Warning and Assessment (UNEP) DFA Department of Foreign Affairs DFID Department for International Development (UK) DG Director General DGCS Directorate General for Development Cooperation (Italy) DGD decision guidance document DGIC Directorate General for International Cooperation (Bel-

gium) DGIS Directorate General for Development Cooperation (The

Netherlands) DHF dengue hemorrhagic fever DHI Danish Hydrological Institute of Water and Environment DHS Demographic Health Surveys DIMP Data and Information Management Panel (GTOS) DINGO Australian NGO Distr. distribution (document identification) DIVERSITAS International Programme of Biodiversity Science DKKV German Committee for Disaster Reduction DL distance learning d-learning distance learning DM Department of Management (UN) DMC Drought Monitoring Centre DMF Disaster Management Facility (WB) DMFC Disaster Mitigation Facility for the Caribbean DMS double majority voting system DMT Disaster Management Team DMZ demilitarized zone DNA (1) deoxyribonucleic acid DNA (2) Designated National Authority DNH National Water Directorate (France) DNS Debt for nature swap DO (1) Development Objective (GEF) DO (2) dissolved oxygen DOD Department of Defense (US) DOE (1) Department of Energy (US) DOE (2) Designated Operational Entity DOEM Designated Officials for Environmental Matters (UNEP) DONGO donor-organized NGO DOS Department of State (US) DPA Department of Political Affairs (UN) DPCSD United Nations Department for Policy Coordination and

Sustainable Development DPI UN Department of Public Information DPKO Department of Peacekeeping Operations (UN)

DPM (1) disaster preparedness and mitigation DPM (2) Deputy Prime Minister DPPC Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (UN) DPSIR Driving Forces, Pressures, States, Impacts, Responses DR/dr discount rate DRA demand responsive approaches DRB Danube River Basin DRI disaster risk index DRPC Danube River Protection Convention DSA daily subsistence allowance (UN) DSB Dispute Settlement Body (WTO) DSD Division for Sustainable Development (ECOSOC) DSDS Delhi Sustainable Development Summit DSM demand-side management DSPD Division for Social Policy and Development (ECOSOC-

UN) DSS data synthesis system DSU Dispute Settlement Understanding DTIE Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (UNEP) DWC/CPWP Dialogue on Water and Climate/Cooperative Programme

on Water and Climate DWD Directorate of Water Development (EU) DWF Danish Water Forum DWFE Dialogue on Water, Food and the Environment DWFNs Distant-water Fishing Nations DWSSD (International) Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation

Decade (1981-1990)

E (1) English E (2) edited E (3) Executive E7 Nine of the leading electric utilities from the G7 coun-

tries E9 Nine high-population countries: Bangladesh, Brazil,

China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria and Pakistan

E&D expansion and divergence E/D environment/development EA (1) environmental assessment EA (2) Executing Agency (GEF) EA-5 East Asia 5 (Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines,

Thailand) EAC (1) European Advisory Committee EAC (2) East Africa Community EACC East African Cooperation Community

EAEC East Asian Economic Caucus EAGs Environmental Assessment Guidelines EAP Environmental Action Program EARCSA Rainwater Catchment System Association Earth3000 Earth3000 (Germany) EA-RWP Eastern Africa Regional Water Partnership EAS (1) Economic Assessment of Natural Resources EAS (2) East Asia Seas EASAC European Academies’ Science Advisory Council EAS-RCU East Asian Seas Regional Coordinating Unit (UNEP) EATRR European Agreement on the Transfer of Responsibility

for Refugees EAWAG Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and

Technology EB Executive Board EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC (1) European Community EC (2) European Commission EC (3) Commission of the European Communities EC (4) European Council EC (5) Earth Council ECA (1) United Nations Economic Commission for Africa ECA (2) Export Credit Agency ECA (3) Environment Canada ECBA economic cost-benefit analysis ECBI European Capacity Building Initiative ECCAS Economic Community of Central African States ECE (1) United Nations Economic Commission for Europe ECE (2) Evaluation Committee of Experts ECECEP United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Com-

mittee on Environmental Policy ECEH European Centre for Environment and Health ECG Ecosystem Conservation Group (UNEP, FAO, UNESCO,

IUCN, UNDP, WWF) ECHO European Community Humanitarian Office ECI Earth Charter Initiative ECLAC United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America

and the Caribbean ECN (1) Energy Research Centre of The Netherlands ECN (2) Environmental Change Network ECO (1) Earth Council Ombudsman (Earth Council) ECO (2) Pan American Center for Human Ecology and Health

(PAHO) ECO (3) Ecological Citizens Organization ECO (4) Environmental Community Organization ECO (5) The Ombudsman Centre for Environment and Develop-

ment ECO (6) Economic Cooperation Organization ECOA Ecoa and Pantanal Network

ECOLEX Environmental Law Information System (UNEP, IUCN, FAO)

ECON Ministry of Economy and Finance (Spain) ECOSOC United Nations Economic and Social Council ECOWAS Economic Commission of West African States ECPF Expert Consultation on the Role of Planted Forests (FAO) ECPFO Environmental and Consumer Protection Foundation

(India) ECU European Currency Unit, replaced by euro (€) ECX European Climate Exchange ED Executive Director EDF (1) European Development Fund EDF (2) Environmental Defense Fund (US) EDF (3) Ecologic Development Fund EDGI Expert Group on Development Issues EDI Economic Development Institute (Now WBI) EDSS Educational Decision Support Systems EDUC Ministry of Education and Science (Spain) EE&C Environmental Education and Communication EEA (1) European Environment Agency EEA (2) European Economic Area EEAD Environmental Effects Assessment Panel EEAS Energy Efficiency Accreditation Scheme EEB European Environmental Bureau EEOS European Earth Observing System EES Encyclopedia of Environmental Science EEWP Energy Efficiency Working Party (IEA) EEZ (1) exclusive economic zone EEZ (2) economic exclusion zone EF Environment Fund (UNEP) EF! Earth First! EFA Education for All (UNESCO) EFC European Forestry Commission EfE Environment for Europe EFF Environment Forever Foundation (Bulgaria) EFI European Forest Institute EFSD Environmental Foundation for Sustainable Development

(OAS) EFTA European Free Trade Association EGM Expert Group Meeting EGTT Expert Group on Technology Transfer EHC Environmental Health Criteria (IPCS) EIA (1) environmental impact assessment EIA (2) Environmental Investigation Agency EIB European Investment Bank EIG Environmental Integrity Group EIIL European Institute for Industrial Leadership EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical

Substances

EIONET European Environment Information and Observation Network

EIR Extractive Industries Review EIS environmental impact statement EIT economies in transition EJCW Environmental Justice Coalition for Water EKC environmental Kuznets curve ELANEM Euro-Latin American Network for Environmental

Assessment and Monitoring ELC Environmental Law Centre (IUCN) ELCI Environmental Liaison Centre International e-learning electronic learning ELINCS European List of Notified Chemical Substances ELIIW Environmental Law Institute and IW-LEARN ELOSS Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems ELS ecolabelling schemes EMA Emissions Marketing Association EMAN Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Network EMAP Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Programme

(USA) EMAS Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EU) EMB Environmental Management Bureau EMDG Emissions Market Development Group EMEP Co-operative Programme for Monitoring and Evalua-

tion of the Long-Range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe

EMF Environmental Management Foundation (The Netherlands)

EMG Environmental Management Group EMP Euro-Mediterranean Partnership EMS (1) Environmental Management System EMS (2) European Monetary System EMU European Monetary Union EMWIS Euro-Mediterranean Information System ENA Europe and North Asia ENB Earth Negotiations Bulletin ENCs electronic navigational charts ENCID International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage ENCORE Eastern Caribbean Environment and Coastal Resources

Management Project ENDA-TM Environment and Development Action in the Third

World ENGO environmental non-governmental organization ENN Environmental Network News ENRG Environment and Natural Resources Group (UNDP) ENRICH European Network for Research in Global Change ENSD Earth Network for Sustainable Development ENSO El Niño Southern Oscillation ENTRI Environmental Treaties and Resource Indicators

ENV (1) Environment Department (WB) ENV (2) Ministry of Environment (Spain) ENVGC Global Environment Coordination Division (WB) EO Earth Observation EOS Earth Observatory Satellite EOSG Executive Office of the Secretary General (UN) EOU Evaluation and Oversight Unit (UNEP) EP (1) environmental programme EP (2) European Parliament EPA (1) Environmental Protection Agency (many countries) EPA (2) Environmental Protection Act (UK) EPC European Patent Convention EPD Environmental Product Declaration EPE (1) European Partners for the Environment EPE (2) Environmental Programme for Europe EPER European Pollutant Emission Register EPOCH European Programme on Climatology and Natural

Hazards EPRC Environment and Population Research Center EPRG Environmental Policy Review Group (EU) EPS emission permit system EQS Environmental Quality Standards ERA European Research Area ERICAM environmental risk internalization through capital markets ERO Expert Advisory Panel on Emergency Relief Operations

(WHO) EROS US Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation

Systems ERP Every River has its People Project ERPA Emissions Reduction Purchase Agreement ERR economic rate of return ERSDAC Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center ERT expert review team ERU Emissions Reduction Unit (UNFCCC) ES (1) environmental statement ES (2) Euroscience ESA (1) European Space Agency ESA (2) Ecological Society of America ESA (3) environmental and social assessment ESA (4) Environmentally Sensitive Area ESA (5) economic stakeholder analysis ESA (6) ecosystem approach ESAF Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility ESAP Environmental and Social Assessment Procedure ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

(UN) ESCWA Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UN) ESD (1) Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development

Network (WB)

ESD (2) Education for Sustainable Development ESDG Environmental Sustainable Development Group ESE environmental, social and ethical ESI Environmental Sustainability Index ESIA environmental and social impact assessment ESM Environmentally Sound Management ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan (ADB) ESP environmental and social policy papers ESPAR Agricultural Research Group (WB) EST&P Environmentally Sound Technology and Products ESTs environmentally sustainable technologies ESW economic and sector work (WB) E-TOOLS electronic tools ET emissions trading (UNFCCC) ETAP Environmental Technology Action Programme (EU) ETC European Topic Center ETC-ACC ETC on Air and Climate Change ETC-NPB ETC on Nature Protection and Biodiversity ETC-TE ETC on Terrestrial Environment ETC-WMF ETC on Waste and Material Flows ETFRN European Tropical Forest Research Network ETIC Euphrates-Tigris Initiative for Cooperation ETPA education, training and public awareness (UNFCCC) ETS (1) emissions trading scheme ETS (2) effective temperature sum ETUC European Trade Union Confederation EU (1) European Union EU (2) European Community and its member states EUFORGEN European Forest Genetic Resources Programme EUNIS European Nature Information System EUROBATS Agreement on the Conservation of Bats in Europe EUROPARL European Parliament EUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European Communities EUWF European Union Water Facility EUWI European Union Water Initiative EV expected value EVI Environment Vulnerability Index (UNDP) EWA European Water Association (EU) EWB Engineers without Borders EWI Ecosystem Well-being Index EWRI Environmental and Water Resources Institute EXC (1) Executive Council (GEF) EXC (2) Office of the President (WB) EXCOM Executive Committee (Multilateral Fund for the Montreal

Protocol) EXCOP Extraordinary Meeting of the Conference of the Parties EXIM Export-Import Bank of the United States

F2F Face-to-face meeting, learning, etc. (WB) FAJ Forest Agency of Japan FAN Freshwater Action Network FANCA Freshwater Action Network – Central America FANMEX Freshwater Action Network of Mexico FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (UN) FASRC Federation of Arab Scientific Research Councils (Iraq) FBA Freshwater Biological Association (UK) FBD forest biodiversity FBW free basic water FC Facilitation Committee FCB fuel cell buses FCCC Framework Convention on Climate Change (also

|UNFCCC) FCM Forest Concession Management FCZ fishery conservation zone FDA Food and Drug Administration (USA) FDI foreign direct investment FEMIP Facility for Euro-Mediterranean Investment and Partner-

ship FEPS Final Executive Project Summary (GEF) FEWS Famine Early Warning Systems Network FFA (1) Forum Fisheries Agency FFA (2) Framework for Action (GWP) FFC Forum Fisheries Committee FfD Financing for Development (also FFD) FFEM French Fund for the Global Environment FGRA Fundación Río Arronte (Mexico) FHI Family Health International FI financial initiative (UNEP) FIDA Inter-American Forum on Environmental Law FIDIC International Federation of Consulting Engineers FIELD Foundation of International Law Development FINNIDA Finnish International Development Agency FION Federation for International Education in The Nether-

lands FIS International Seed Trade Federation FishNet Fisheries Information Network FLACSO Latin American Social Science Faculty FLEG Forest Law Enforcement and Governance FLEGT Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade FLR forest landscape restoration FMA Fundación Miguel Alemán (Mexico) FMCN Fundación para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (Mexico) FMESD Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development

(France)

FMSP First Meeting of the States Parties FMU forest management unit FN (1) Fundación Natura (many Latin American Countries) FN (2) First Nations (Canada) FO Foreign Office FOC (1) Friends of the Chair FOC (2) Flag of Convenience FoEI Friends of the Earth International FOEN Federal Office for the Environment ( Switzerland) FOREM Foundation of River and Watershed Environment Man-

agement (Japan) FORNESSA Forestry Research Network for Sub-Saharan Africa FOSA Forestry Outlook Study for Africa FP family planning FPG Finance Partners Group (GWP) FRA forest resource assessment FRICS Foundation of River and Basin Integrated Communica-

tion (Japan) FRIEND Flow Regimes from International Experimental and

Network Data (UNESCO) FROG first raise our growth FRW Friends of the Right to Water FSC Forest Stewardship Council FSO Fund for Special Operations (IDB) FSP Fonds de solidarité prioritaire (France) FSU Former Soviet Union FT fuzzy thinking FTA (1) Free Trade Area of the Americas FTA (2) Free Trade Area FTAA Free Trade Area of the Americas FTE full-time equivalent FTI fast track initiative FWCW Fourth World Conference on Women FY fiscal year

G (1) general distribution (document identification) G (2) Group of … 3, 4, 5, … G3 UK, Germany and France G4 Japan, Germany, India, Brazil G5 (old) UK, China, France, Russia and US G5 (new) UK, France, Germany, Italy and Spain G6 (old) US, Japan, Germany, France, Italy and UK G6 (new) UK, China, France, Russia, US and Germany G7 US, Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy and Canada G8 G7 and Russia

G8+ G8 and China G8+ (new) G8+, plus India and Brazil G10 A group of central bankers from 10 countries united un-

der the 1988 Basle Agreement G13 The Netherlands and 12 other nations supporting radical

UN reform G15 Summit level group of developing countries G20 Finance ministers and central bank governors repre-

senting 19 governments, the EU and the Bretton Woods Institutions (WB, IMF)

G21 A group of developing countries that coalesced at the WTO

G77 + China Group of 77 developing countries plus China (now includes nearly 150 governments)

G90 ACP and HIPC countries GA UN General Assembly GAAS Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences GAIM Global Analysis and Modeling GAS Guarani Aquifer System GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GAW Global Atmospheric Watch GBA Global Biodiversity Assessment GBF Global Biodiversity Forum GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility GBS Global Biodiversity Strategy GC Governing Council GC/GMEF Governing Council/Global Ministerial Environment

Forum GCA Global Coalition for Africa GCC (1) global climate change GCC (2) Global Climate Coalition GCC(3) Gulf Cooperation Council GCI Green Cross International GCM general circulation model GCOS Global Climate Observing System GCP Government Cooperative Programme (FAO) GCRIO US Global Change Research Information Office GCRMN Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network GCTE Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems GCU global currency unit GD global deal GDI Gender-related Development Index GDIN Global Disaster Information Network (USDS) GDLN Global Development Learning Network (WB) GDP gross domestic product GDP

AGR percentage of GDP produced by agricultural sector

gross domestic product per capita

GEA Global Environmental Action GECHS Global Environmental Change and Human Security GEF Global Environment Facility GEFIA Global Environment Facility Interim Approval GEF-IN Global Environment Facility International Notes GEF-IW Global Environment Facility International Waters GEFOP Global Environment Facility Operations Committee GEFPID Project Information Document (GEFWB) GEFRC Global Environment Facility Regional Coordinator GEFSEC Global Environment Facility Secretariat GEFTF Global Environment Facility Trust Fund GEG Global Environmental Governance GEM Global Environmental Mechanism GEMI Global Environmental Management Initiative GEMS Global Environment Monitoring System (UNEP) GEO (1) Global Environment Outlook report (UNEP) GEO (2) Global Environmental Organization GEOHAB Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal

Blooms (UNESCO) GEOS Global Environmental and Oceans Sciences GEOSS Global Earth Observing System of Systems GESAMP Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine

Pollution GESI Global Environmental Sanitation Initiative GEST Global Evaluation of Sediment Transport GET Global Environment Trust Fund GETF Global Environment Technology Foundation GEWEX Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment GFAR Global Forum on Agricultural Research GFE Global Fund for the Environment GFMC Global Fire Monitoring Center GFO Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts and Islands GFRA Global Forest Resources Assessment GFSE Global Forum on Sustainable Energy Gg gigagram GHG greenhouse gas GHP GEWEX Hydrometeorology Panel GIBIP Green Industry Biotechnology Platform GIDP Gender in Development Programme (UNDP) GIFAR Global Forum on Agricultural Research GIPME Global Investigation on Pollution in the Marine

Environment GIS geographic information system GISD Geographic Information for Sustainable Development GISP Global Invasive Species Programme GIWA Global International Waters Assessment (GEF) GLASOD Human Induced Soil Degradation GLIDE global identifier number (UN)

GLIMS global land ice measurements from space GLOBE Global Legislators Organization for a Balanced Environ-

ment GM (1) genetically modified GM (2) global mechanism GMA global assessment on the marine environment GMEF Global Ministerial Environment Forum GMES Global Monitoring for Environment and Security GMET General Multilingual Environmental Thesaurus GMFS Global Monitoring for Food Security GMO genetically modified organism GMSR Greater Mekong (River) Sub-region GNF Global Nature Fund GNI gross national income GNIP Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation GNP gross national product GO Global Environmental Objective (GEF) GOE Group of Experts GOFC global observation of forest cover GONGO government-organized NGO GOOS Global Ocean Observing System GOS Global Observing System (WMO) GOs governmental organizations GOSIC Global Observation Systems Information Center ‘GOUTHE’ Global Observatory of Units for Teaching, Training and

Ethics (UNESCO) GP (1) Government of Portugal GP (2) good practice GP (3) Greenpeace International GPA Global Programme of Action GPCC Global Precipitation and Climatology Centre GPF Global Policy Forum GPG (1) global public goods GPG (2) good practice guide gpgNet Global Public Goods Network GPI gender parity index GPS global positioning system GRACE gravity recovery and climate experiment GRAIN Genetic Resources Action International GRAPHIC Groundwater Resources Assessment under Pressures of

Humanity and Climate Change GRASP Great Ape Survival Project GRAVITY global risk and vulnerability index trend per year GRC Governance-related European Forestry Commission

Conditionalities GRDC Global Runoff Data Center GRI global reporting initiative GRID Global Resource Information Database (UN)

GRINGO government-run NGO GRIWAC Gansu Research Institute on Water Conservation (China) GRO grassroots organization GROMS Global Register of Migratory Species GroWI Global Review of Wetland Resources and Priorities for

Wetland Inventory GRSO grassroots support organization GRULAC Latin American and Caribbean Group GRWHC Global Rainwater Harvesting Collective (India, The Neth-

erlands) GS (1) gold standard GS (2) General Secretariat GSCO Global Social Change Organization GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center GSP Generalized System of Preferences GSPC Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (CBD) GSTP Global System of Trade Preferences (UNCTAD) GTI Global Taxonomy Initiative GTN-H Global Terrestrial Network on Hydrology GTOS Global Terrestrial Observing System GTRZ German Association for Technical Cooperation GTSC GTOS Steering Committee GTZ German Technical Cooperation Agency GURTs genetic use restriction technologies GVP gross village product G-WADI Global Network – Water and Development Information

for Arid Lands GW global warming GWA Gender and Water Alliance GwES groundwater in emergency situations GWI (1) Global Water Initiative GWI (2) global water intelligence GWI (3) Ground Water Institute GWP (1) Global Warming Potential (UNFCCC) GWP (2) Global Water Partnership GWP-CA Central American Programme of the GWP GWP-CACENA Central Asia and the Caucasus Programme of the GWP GWP-CEE Central and Eastern Europe Programme of the GWP GWP-China China Programme of the GWP GWP-EA Eastern Africa Programme of the GWP GWP-MED Mediterranean Programme of the GWP GWP-PAC Australia and the Pacific Programme of the GWP GWP-SA Southern Africa Programme of the GWP GWP-SAM South American Programme of the GWP GWP-SAS South Asia Programme of the GWP GWP-SEA Southeast Asia Programme of the GWP GWP-TACs Global Water Partnership – Technical Advisory

Committees 2000

GWP-WA Western Africa Programme of the GWP GWPO Global Water Partnership Organization GWS (1) George Wright Society GWS (2) Global Water Systems GWSATC Global Water Science, Assessment and Training Center GWSP Global Water System Project GYF Global Youth Forum (UNEP)

H2020 IAHS Working Group on Hydrology HABITAT United Nations Centre for Human Settlement HAS Hungarian Academy of Sciences HCFC halogenated CFCs HCFCs hydrochlorofluorocarbons HD Human Development Network HDI Human Development Index (UNDP) HDP Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change

Programme HDR Human Development Report (UNDP) HELCOM Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission

(Helsinki Commission) HELP Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy

(UNESCO-IHP) HEM harmonization of environmental measurement unit HFCs hydrofluorocarbons HG Head of Government HGWP high global warming potential HI/HYVs high-input and high yield hybrid crop varieties HIA Health Impact Assessment HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Countries HIV/AIDS human immunodeficiency virus (UN) HLCOMO high-level committee of ministers and officials (UNEP) HLM High Level Meeting HNP health, nutrition and population HNS (1) International Convention on Liability and Compensation

for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances (IMO)

HNS (2) hazard and noxious substances (IMO) HOMS Hydrological Operational Multipurpose System HPI human poverty index HQ headquarters HRC Human Rights Commission HRD human resources development HRH His/Her Royal Highness HRI Hydraulic Research Institute (Egypt) HS Head of State

HSI health status index HSRC Human Sciences Research Council HST Hubble Space Telescope HTPI handling, transport, packaging and identification HTS harmonized tariff schedule HURPEC Human Rights and Peace Campaign HWI human wellbeing index HWP harvested wood products (UNFCCC) HWRP Hydrology Water Resources Programme

I-CMAP First Mesoamerican Congress on Protected Areas IA (1) implementing agency (GEF) IA (2) implementing arrangements (IEA) IA (3) institutional analysis (WB) IA (4) Irrigation Association (USA) IAB Industry Advisory Board (IEA) IABIN Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network IAC Informal Advisory Committee IACD Inter-American Agency for Cooperation and Development

(OAS) IACNDR Inter-American Committee for Natural Disaster

Reduction IACSD Interagency Committee on Sustainable Development

(UN) IADB (1) Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) IADB (2) Inter-American Defense Board IADRIP Inter-American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous

Peoples IADWM Inter-American Dialogue on Water Management IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency (UN) IAEC Inter-American Economic Council IAEE International Association for Energy Economics IAF (1) Inter-American Foundation IAF (2) Inter-American Fund IAF (3) International Arrangement on Forests IAH (1) International Association of Hydrologists IAH (2) International Association of Hydrogeologists IAHR International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and

Research IAHS International Association of Hydrological Sciences IAI Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research IAIA International Association for Impact Assessment IAM integrated area management IANAS Inter-American Network of Academies of Science IAP Inter-Academy Panel on International Issues (TWAS)

IAP-WASAD International Action Programme on Water and Sustainable Agricultural Development (FAO)

IARC International Agriculture Research Center IAS (1) Academy of Sciences (Indonesia, Iran, Iraq) IAS (2) Islamic Academy of Science (Jordan) IASI Inter-Americas Sea Initiative IASP Inter-American Strategic Plan for Policy and Vulnerability

Reduction IAST Institute of Applied Science and Technology (Guyana) IASWS International Association for Sediment and Water Sci-

ence IATF Interagency Task Force on Sustainable Development

(OAS) IATFDR Inter-Agency Task Force on Disaster Reduction (UNIS-

DR) IATTC Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission IBA International Bird Area IBAMA Institute of Environment and Renewable Resources

(Brazil) IBC International Bioethics Committee IBE International Bureau of Education (Geneva, Switzerland)

(UNESCO) IBNET Water and Sanitation International Benchmarking

Network IBP International Biological Programme IBPGR International Board for Plant Genetic Resources

(CGIAR) IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

(WB) IBSP International Basic Science Programme IBTA institution-building/technical assistance IC (1) Implementation Committee (GEF/STAP) IC (2) initial communication IC (3) Inter-Sessional Committee ICAD Integrated Conservation and Development Project (GEF) ICALPE International Centre for Alpine Environments ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry

Areas ICARM Integrated Coastal and River Basin Management ICASE International Council of Associations for Science Educa-

tion ICBA International Center for Biosaline Agriculture ICC (1) International Chamber of Commerce ICC (2) International Criminal Court ICC (3) Inuit Circumpolar Conference ICCAT International Convention on the Conservation of the

Atlantic Tuna

ICCBD Intergovernmental Committee on the Convention on Biological Diversity

ICCD (1) Intergovernmental Committee on the Convention to Combat Desertification

ICCD (2) Intergovernmental Climate Change Directorate ICCE IAHS International Commission on Continental Erosion ICCEB International Center for Genetic Engineering and

Biotechnology (UNIDO) ICCP Intergovernmental Committee on the Cartagena Protocol

on Biosafety (CBD) ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICCROM International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and

Restoration of Cultural Property ICDA International Coalition of Development Action ICDDR International Centre for Diarrhea Diseases Research

(Bangladesh) ICDI Independent Commission on International Development

Issues (The Brandt Commission) ICDP Integrated Conservation Development Project (GEF) ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICESA International Commission for Earth Sciences in Africa

(Botswana) ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights ICFD International Conference on Financing for Development ICFPA International Council of Forest and Paper Associations ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions ICG International Crises Group ICH International Heritage Convention ICHARM International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk

Management (Japan) ICID International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage ICIMOD International Centre for Integrated Mountain Develop-

ment ICJ International Court of Justice (UN) ICLARM International Centre for Living Aquatic Resources Man-

agement ICLEI International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives ICLR Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction ICM (1) Integrated Coastal Management ICM (2) International Conflict Management ICM (3) Information and Communication Management ICO Instituto de Crédito Oficial (Spain) ICOH International Commission on Occupational Health ICOLD International Commission on Large Dams ICOMOS International Council of Monuments and Sites ICP Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of

the Sea

ICPD International Conference on Population and Development

ICPDR International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River

ICPs International Cooperative Programmes ICRAF International Centre for Research in Agroforestry ICRAN International Coral Reef Action Network ICRC (1) Interim Chemical Review Committee ICRC (2) International Committee of the Red Cross, Red Crescent

and Red Crystal Societies ICRG International Consulting Resources Group ICRI International Coral Reef Initiative ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid

Tropics ICS (1) International School for Science (UNIDO) ICS (2) International Coordinating Secretariat ICSID International Centre for Settlement of Investment

Disputes (WB) ICSU International Council of Science Unions ICT (1) information and communications technology ICT (2) internet communication technology ICT (3) international communication technology ICTP International Centre for Theoretical Physics (Trieste, Italy)

(UNESCO) ICUC International Centre for Underutilized Crops ICUS International Center for Urban Safety Engineering (Ja-

pan) ICWC Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (Central

Asian States) ICWE International Conference on Water and the Environment

(Dublin) ICZM International Coastal Zone Management ID Institutional Development IDA (1) International Development Association (WB) IDA (2) International Decade(s) for Action IDA (3) International Desalination Association IDAC International Disaster Advisory Committee IDB (1) Inter-American Development Bank IDB (2) Inter-American Defense Board IDB (3) Islamic Development Bank IDDRI Institute of International Relations and Sustainable

Development (France) IDE International Development Enterprises IDEA International Institute for Democracy and Electoral

Assistance IDF Institutional Development Facility IDGEC Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental

Change

IDGs International Development Goals IDNDR International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction IDP (1) Integrated Development Plan IDP (2) internal discussion paper (WB) IDP (3) internally displaced person (UN) IDR in-depth review (UNFCCC) IDRC International Development Research Centre (Canada) IDS Institute of Development Studies IDT International Development Target IDU internal document unit (WB) IEA (1) International Energy Agency IEA (2) International Environmental Agreement IEEP Institute for European Environment Policy IEG International Environmental Governance IEGS Institute for Global Environmental Strategies IEHS Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU) IEN Indigenous Environment Network (US) IEO Industry and Environment Office (UNEP) IEP intergenerational equity principle IEPS Initial Executive Project Summary (GEF) IESALC International Institute for Higher Education in Latin

America and the Caribbean (UNESCO/Venezuela) IET International Emissions Trading (UNFCCC) IETA International Emissions Trading Association IETC International Environmental Technology Centre IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAP International Federation of Agricultural Producers IFAS International Fund for the Aral Sea IFAW International Fund for Animal Welfare IFC International Finance Corporation (WB) IFCS International Forum on Chemical Safety IFEJ International Federation of Environmental Journalists IFF (1) Intergovernmental Forum on Forests IFF (2) International Finance Facility IFI (1) International Financing Institution IFI (2) International Flood Initiative (UNESCO, WMO, UNU,

UNISDR, IAHS) IFIP International Funders for Indigenous Peoples IFM integrated flood management IFNet International Flood Network and Flood Alert System IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IFRC International Federation of Red Cross, Red Crescent and

Red Crystal Societies IFREMER French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea IG inter-governmental IGAD International Authority on Development IGBC Intergovernmental Bioethics Committee IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme IGC (1) International Green Cross

IGC (2) intergovernmental consultation IGCP International Geoscience Programme IGES Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (Japan

Environment Agency) IGFA International Group of Funding Agencies for Global

Change IGLU International Union of Local Authorities IGM Open-ended Intergovernmental Group of Ministers or

their Representatives IGO Inter-Governmental Organization IGOS (1) Integrated Global Observing Strategy IGOS (2) Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations IGR intergovernmental review IGRAC International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre,

Utrecht, The Netherlands (UNESCO, WHO) IGU International Geographical Union IGWAC International Ground Water Assessment Committee

(UNESCO) IGY International Geophysical Year IHA International Hydropower Association IHD International Hydrological Decade (1965-1974) IHDP International Human Dimensions Programme on Global

Change IHE-Delft International Institute for Infrastructural, Hydraulic and

Environmental Engineering (1957-2002, replaced by UNESCO-IHE in 2003, The Netherlands)

IHO International Hydrographic Organization IHP International Hydrological Programme (UNESCO) IHP-V fifth phase of IHP (1996-2001) IHP-VI sixth phase of IHP (2002-2007) IHP-VII seventh phase of IHP (2008-2013) IHS International Institute for Housing and Urban

Development (The Netherlands) IIASA (1) International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis IIASA (2) Institute of Islamic and Arabic Sciences in America IICA Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture IICBA International Institute for Capacity-Building in Africa

(UNESCO/Ethiopia) IICD International Institute for Communication and Develop-

ment IICG International Initiative on Corruption in Governance IIDEA International Institute for Democracy and Electoral

Assistance IIE Institute for International Economics IIED International Institute for Environment and Development IIEP International Institute for Educational Planning

(UNESCO/Argentina) IIFB International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity IIMI International Irrigation Management Institute

IIMS Integrated Information Management System IIP International Implementation Priorities IIRR International Institute for Rural Reconstruction IISD International Institute for Sustainable Development

(Canada) IIT Indian Institute of Technology IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IITE Institute for Information Technologies in Education

(UNESCO/Russian Federation) IJC International Joint Commission i-learning (1) innovative learning i-learning (2) internet learning ILA International Law Association ILAC Latin American and Caribbean Initiative for Sustainable

Societies ILC International Law Commission ILEC International Lake Environment Committee (Japan) ILO (1) International Labor Organization (UN) ILO (2) International Landslide Organization ILRAD International Laboratory for Research on Animal Disease ILRI International Livestock Research Institute ILSI International Life Sciences Institute ILTER International Long-Term Ecological Research IMCAM Integrated Marine and Coastal Area Management IMCO Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization IME Institut Méditerranéen de l’Eau (France) IMF International Monetary Fund IMO International Maritime Organization IMP Information Management Plan IMS information management specialist IMT irrigation management transfer IMTA Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua INBAR International Network for Bamboo and Rattan INBO International Network of Basin Organizations INC International Negotiation Committee INCB International Narcotics Control Board INC/FCCC Intergovernmental Negotiation Committee for a Frame-

work Convention on Climate Change INCD International Negotiation Committee on Desertification INDOEX Indian Ocean Experiment INEAM Institute for Advanced Studies for the Americas (OAS) INENCO Centre for International Environmental Cooperation Inf information (documents identification) INFN National Institute for Nuclear Physics (Italy) INFOCAP Information Exchange Network on Capacity Building for

the Sound Management of Chemicals INFOTERRA International Environmental Information System INGO (1) individual-based NGO

INGO (2) international NGO INPE National Institute for Space Research (Brazil) INPIM International Network on Participatory Irrigation Man-

agement INRA National Institute for Agricultural Research (France) INSA Indian National Science Academy INSERM French National Institute for Health and Medical

Research INSTRAW International Research and Training Institute for the

Advancement of Women (UN) INSULA International Scientific Council for Sustainable

Development INTAL Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the

Caribbean INTECOL International Association of Ecology INV00 Inventory Submission for the Year 2000 INWEB International Network of Water Environment Centres for

the Balkans INWEH International Network on Water, Environment and Health

(UNU) INWENT Capacity Building International (Germany) INWEPF International Network for Water and Ecosystem in Paddy

Fields INWRDAM Inter-Islamic Network on Water Resources Development

and Management (Iran) IO (1) international organization IO (2) input-output IOC (1) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission

(UNESCO) IOC (2) Indian Ocean Commission IOCARIBE Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission – Carib-

bean (UNESCO) IOCC Inter-Organization Coordinating Committee IOCU International Organization of Consumers Unions IODE International Data and Information Exchange IOI International Oceans Institute IOS Internal Oversight Service (UN) IOSEA Indian Ocean-South East Asia IP (1) implementation progress (GEF) IP (2) intellectual property IPAD Portuguese Institute for Development Assistance IPC (1) integrated pest control IPC (2) integrated pollution control IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (UNEP/

WHO) IPDP Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (WB) IPE independent panel of experts IPED International Panel of Experts on Desertification

IPF (1) Intergovernmental Panel on Forests IPF (2) Indicative Planning Figure (UNDP) IPGR International Plant Genetic Resources Institute IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute IPIECA International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conser-

vation Association IPM (1) integrated pest management IPM (2) International Preparatory Meeting IPO (1) Indigenous Peoples Organization IPO (2) Initial Public Offering IPPC (1) International Plant Protection Convention IPPC (2) integrated pollution prevention and control IPPF International Planned Parenthood Federation IPR intellectual property rights IPS Institute for Policy Studies IPTRID International Programme for Technology and Research in

Irrigation and Drainage IPU Inter-Parliamentary Union IQC indefinite quantity contract (USAID) IR International River Foundation (Australia) IRBM Integrated River Basin Management IRC International Research Centre for Water Supply and Sani-

tation (The Netherlands) IRCSA International Rainwater Catchment Systems Association IRD Scientific Research Institute for Cooperative Development

(France) IREA International Renewable Energy Alliance IRFD International Research Foundation for Development IRHA International Rainwater Harvesting Alliance IRI (1) International Resource Institute IRI (2) International Research Institute for Climate Prediction IRI (3) International Research Institute for Climate and Society IRIS Institute for Research and Innovation in Sustainability

(Canada) IRN International Rivers Network IRPTC International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals IRR internal rate of return IRRI International Rice Research Institute IRTCES International Research and Training Centre on Erosion

and Sedimentation (UNESCO/China) IRTCUD International Research and Training Center on Urban

Drainage (UNESCO/Malaysia) IRWR internal renewable water resource ISA International Seabed Authority ISARM International Shared Aquifer Resource Management ISBN International Standard Book Numbers IsDB Islamic Development Bank ISDF International Sustainable Development Foundation ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network

ISDR (1) International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN) ISDR (2) Institute for Sustainable Development and Research

(India) ISESCO Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ISET Institute for Social and Environmental Transition ISEW Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare ISGWAS International Symposium on Groundwater Sustainability ISI International Sediment Initiative (UNESCO) ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification ISM Integrated Island Management ISNAR International Service for National Agricultural Research ISO International Organization for Standardization ISOC Inter-Sessional Meeting on the Operations of the Conven-

tion ISP (1) Inter-American Strategy for the Promotion of Public Par-

ticipation in Decision-making for Sustainable Development

ISP (2) integral sustainable production units ISRIC International Soil and Reference Information Center ISS Institute of Social Studies (The Netherlands) ISSC International Social Science Council ISSN International Standard Series Numbers ISW International Secretariat for Water (Canada) IT (1) information technology IT (2) industrial transformation ITAIPU Central Hidroélectrica Itaipu Binacional (Brazil, Paraguay) ITC (1) International Institute for Geo-Information Science and

Earth Observation (The Netherlands) ITC (2) International Trade Centre ITCSD International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Develop-

ment ITDG Intermediate Technology Development Group ITE Institute for Terrestrial Ecology ITESM Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Méxi-

co) ITFF Interagency Task Force on Forests ITLOS International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea ITNs insecticide-treated nets ITO International Telecommunication Union ITOPF International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation ITPGR(FA) International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food

and Agriculture (formerly the International Undertaking) ITQs individual iransferable quotas ITR independent technical review (GEF) ITTA International Tropical Timber Agreement ITTC International Tropical Timber Council ITTO International Tropical Timber Organization ITU International Telecommunications Union IU international undertaking (CGRFA)

IUBS International Union of Biological Sciences IUCN World Conservation Union (formerly the International

Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources)

IUFRO International Union of Forestry Research Organizations IUGG International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics IUPGR International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources IUTAM International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechan-

ics IUU illegal, unregulated, unreported fishing IU-WG International Undertaking Working Group IVA industrial value added IVM Institute for Environmental Studies IW International Waters Focal Area of the GEF IW-LEARN International Water Learning Exchange and Resource

Network (UNDP) IWA International Water Association IWALC International Water Associations Liaison Committee IWC (1) International Whaling Commission IWC (2) International Water Centre (Australia) IWCF International Water Cooperation Facility (UNESCO,

WWC) IWGENV Inter-secretariat Working Group on Environment Studies IWGMP Intergovernmental Working Group on Marine Pollution IWHA International Water History Association IWI indigenous water initiative IWM Institute of Water Modeling (Bangladesh) IWMI International Water Management Institute (Sri Lanka) IWP International Waters Protection IWR Institute for Water Resources (USACE) IWRA International Water Resources Association IWRB International Waterfowl Research Bureau IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management IWRN Inter-American Water Resources Network (OAS) IWSD Institute of Water and Sanitation Development IWT inland water transport IYDD International Year of Deserts and Desertification IYF International Year of Freshwater (2003) IYFW International Year of Freshwater (2003) IYM International Year of Mountains

JAC Joint Advisory Committee JAROS Japan Resources Observation System Organization JAWA Japan Water Resource Association JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation

JCEDAR Joint Committee on Environment and Development in the Arab Region

JCF Japan Carbon Finance JCOMM Joint WMO/IOC Technical Commission for Oceanogra-

phy and Marine Meteorology JDEC Japan Dam Engineering Center JGRF Japan GHG Reduction Fund JI joint implementation (UNFCCC) JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency JIID Japanese Institute of Irrigation and Drainage JIN Joint Implementation Network JIQ Joint Implementation Quarterly JIU joint inspection unit JIWET Japan Institute of Wastewater Engineering Technology JMP Joint Monitoring Programme (for water supply and sanita-

tion; UNICEF, WHO) JMPR Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (FAO/WHO) JPAC Joint Public Advisory Committee (CEC) JPO junior professional officer JPOI Johannesburg Plan of Implementation JRA Japan River Association JRC (1) Joint Research Council JRC (2) Joint River Commission JSTC Joint Scientific and Technical Committee (GCOS) JUSSCANNZ Japan, US, Switzerland, Canada, Australia, Norway and

New Zealand (the non-EU industrialized countries) JUWFI Joint UNESCO/WMO Flood Initiative JWA Japan Water Agency JWF Japan Water Forum JWG Joint Working Group on Compliance (UNFCCC) JWRA Japan Water Resources Association JWRC Japan Water Reclamation Committee

KARI Kenya Agricultural Research Institute KFAS Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science KFW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (Germany) KI knowledge index KIT Royal Tropical Institute (The Netherlands) KM knowledge management KMOE Korean Ministry of Environment KMS Knowledge Management System KNAW Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences KNMI Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KOICA Korea International Cooperation Agency KOWACO Korean Water Resources Corporation (see Kwater)

KP Kyoto Protocol KWAHO Kenya Water for Health Organization Kwater Korean Water Resources Corporation

L limited distribution (document identification) LA (1) Local Administration (Italy) LA (2) Latin America LA21s Local Agendas 21 LA-RED Network for Social Studies on Disaster Prevention in Latin

America LAC Latin America and the Caribbean LACFC Latin American and Caribbean Forestry Commission LAIA Latin American Integration Association LAN local area network LANBO Latin American Network of Basin Organizations LAS (1) League of Arab States LAS (2) Lithuanian Academy of Sciences LAWETnet Latin American Water Education and Training Network LBA (1) land-based activities LBA (2) Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Ama-

zonia LBI legally binding instrument LBS land-based sources protocol LC (1) Latin America and the Caribbean (document identifica-

tion) LC (2) life cycle LCA life-cycle assessments LCCP life-cycle climate performance LCIA life-cycle impact assessments LCSES Latin American and Caribbean Environmentally and So-

cially Sustainable Development Unit (WB) LDC least developed country LEAD leadership for environment and development LEG legal department (GEF-WB) LEGEN Environment Negotiations Unit of the Legal Department

(WB) LFCC low forest cover countries (UNFF) LFG landfill gas LG liaison group LIL learning and innovation loan LINKS Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems LISA low-impact sustainable agriculture LLDC land-locked developed countries LME (1) large marine ecosystems LME (2) learning management environments (WB)

LMMC like-minded megadiverse countries LMO living modified organism (CBD) LOA letter of agreement (GEF) LogFrame logical framework LOI letter of inquiry LOICZ land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone LOS Law of the Sea Convention LP (1) loan proposal (IDB) LP (2) Laissez-Passer, UN travel document LPI Living Planet Index LR liability and redress LRRD linking relief, rehabilitation and development LRS large river system LRT long-range transportation LRTAP Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

(EU) LTAs Long-term Agreements (IEA) LTER long-term ecological research LUCC land-use and land-cover change (IGBP/HDP) LUCF land use change and forestry (UNFCCC) LULUCF land use, land use change and forestry (UNFCCC) LUP land use planning

M&E monitoring and evaluation MA Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (UN) MAB Man and the Biosphere Programme (UNESCO) MAC (1) maximum allowable concentration MAC (2) marginal abatement costs MAC (3) Marine Aquarium Council MAD marginal avoided damage costs MAE Ministére des Affaires Étrangéres (France) MAI Multilateral Agreement on Investment MAP (1) Mediterranean Action Plan MAP (2) Millennium African Programme MAR (1) monitoring, assessment and reporting MAR (2) managed aquifer recharge MAR (3) mean annual runoff MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution

from Ships MAS Mexican Academy of Sciences MAT mutually agreed terms MB (1) methyl bromide MB (2) marginal benefit MBD maritime boundary delimitation MBI market-based instrument

MC Mediocrecito Centrale (Italy) MCA Millennium Challenge Account (US) MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation (US) MCED Ministerial Conference on Environment and Develop-

ment MCPFE Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in

Europe MCS monitoring, control and surveillance MCSD Mediterranean Commission for Sustainable Development

(EU) MDB Multilateral Development Bank MDF Mediterranean Development Forum MDGs Millennium Development Goals MDG +5 Millennium +5 Summit; World Summit 2005 MDI Multilateral Development Institution MDIs material-dose inhalers MDIAR monitoring-data-information-assessment-reporting (EU) ME-Japan Ministry of Environment MEA Multilateral Environmental Agreement MEDA Mediterranean Economic Development Assistance MEDD Ministère de l’Ecologie et du Développement Durable (France) MEDECOS Mediterranean Ecosystems MEDIES Mediterranean Education Initiative for Environment and

Sustainability MEDPOL Programme for the Assessment and Control of Pollution

in the Mediterranean Region MEDTAC Mediterranean Technical Committee (GWP) MEP (1) Member European Parliament MEP (2) Mediterranean Environmental Plan MEP (3) Memorandum of Economic Policies MEPC Marine Environment Protection Committee MER (1) market exchange rates MER (2) monitoring, evaluation, reporting (WB) MERCOSUR Southern Common Market (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Par-

aguay, Uruguay, Venezuela) MERRAC Marine Environment Emergency Preparedness Response

– Regional Activity Centre MES (1) markets for environmental services MES (2) Ministry of Environment and Science MESCT Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology MESRS Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

(D.R. Congo) METI Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan MEW measure of economic welfare MF (1) multilateral fund MF (2) Ministry of Finance (Belgium) MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs MFI micro finance institutions

MFMP Multilateral Fund for the Montreal Protocol MFN most favored nation (Status) Mg megagram MHLC Multilateral High-Level Conference MICIT Ministry of Science and Technology (Latin America) MICS Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys MIF multinational investment fund (IDB) MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (WB) MIND Munasinghe Institute for Development (Sri Lanka) MinLNV Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (The

Netherlands) MINREST Ministry of Scientific and Technological Research (Cam-

eroon) MIS (1) management information system MIS (2) methods, inventory and science programme (UNFCCC) MLF multilateral fund MLIT Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (Japan) MMA Ministry of Environment (Brazil) MMSD mining, minerals and sustainable development MMTCDE million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents MNC multinational corporation MNP Netherlands Environment Assessment Agency MOC memorandum of cooperation MoD Ministry of Defense MODIS moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer MOE (1) Ministry of Environment MOE (2) Ministry of Energy MOEA Ministry of External Affairs MOER Ministry of External Relations MOEST Ministry of Education, Science and Technology MOET Ministry of Environment and Territory (Italy) MÖF Swedish Association for Environmental Journalists MOFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs MOI Memorandum of Intent MOJ Ministry of Justice MOP (1) Meeting of the Parties (for a Protocol) MOP (2) Memorandum and Recommendation of the President

(WB) MOPH Ministry of Public Health MOPW Ministry of Public Works MOST (1) Management of Social Transformations MOST (2) Ministry of Science and Technology MOSTEC Ministry of Science, Technology, Education and Culture MOU Memorandum of Understanding MOWE Ministry of Water and Electricity MOWR Ministry of Water Resources MP (1) Montreal Protocol MP (2) Member of Parliament MPA marine protected area

MPANET Marine Parks and Protected Areas Management Network MPD maximum permissible doses MRA mutual recognition agreement MRC Mekong River Commission MRET mandatory renewable energy targets (Australia) MRI Mitsubishi Research Group MS (1) multilateral system (CGRFA) MS (2) multistakeholder MSC Marine Stewardship Council MSD multi-stakeholder dialogue MSF Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières) MSP medium sized project MSRT Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran) MSSD Mediterranean Strategy for Sustainable Development MSTCDE million short tons of carbon dioxide equivalents MSY maximum sustainable yield MTA material transfer agreement MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime MTNs multilateral trade negotiations MTP medium term plan MtPA mountain protected area MTPW medium-term programme of work MTPWWM Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Manage-

ment (The Netherlands) MTS multilateral trading system MUN Model United Nations MUSE multilateral system for exchange MV-EU Majority vote – European Union MVP minimum viable population MWC International Convention on the Protection of the Rights

of all Migrant Workers and Members of their Families MWR Ministry of Water Resources MWRI Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation MXCID International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage

(Mexican National Committee) MyCapNet Malaysia Capacity Building Network MYPOW multi-year programme of work

N 2 O nitrous oxide

NA North America NAAEC North American Agreement on Environmental Coopera-

tion (NAFTA) NAAS National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (India) NABIN North American Biodiversity Information System NAC New Agenda Coalition

NACEC North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation

NADBANK North American Development Bank NAFEC North American Fund for Environmental Cooperation

(CEC) NAFO North Atlantic Fisheries Organization NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement (Canada, US,

Mexico) NAFTA-CEC North American Free Trade Agreement Commission on

Environmental Cooperation NAM Non-Aligned Movement NAMEA national accounting matrix including environmental ac-

counts (The Netherlands) NAO National Administrative Office NAP (1) National Action Programme NAP (2) National Allocation Plan NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action (UNFCCC) NAPE National Associations of Professional Environmentalists

(Africa) NAPRI North American Pollutant Release Inventory NARBO Network of Asian River Basin Organization NARS National Agricultural Research System NAS National Academy of Sciences (US, India, Nigeria) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US) NASAC Network of African Science Academies NASCO North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organization NASDA National Space Development Agency (Japan) NASPD National Association of State Park Directors NAST National Academy of Science and Technology (the Philip-

pines) NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NAWMP North American Waterfowl Management Plan NBCBN-RE Nile Basin Capacity Building Network for River

Engineering NBI Nile Basin Initiative (Egypt, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, D.R.