ABSTRACT

A comprehensive examination of the way in which the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) is implemented and policed. CITES is one of the oldest international environmental agreements and has been responsible for some striking conservation successes. But, given the way it has evolved, there are also some critical weaknesses that unscrupulous countries and commercial interests can exploit, especially regarding information, institutions and enforcement. The convention needs reform and this book gives a trenchant critique, including practical and effective recommendations for change.

part I|21 pages

Setting the Scene

chapter 1|11 pages

Introduction

chapter 2|8 pages

Overview of compliance control

part II|64 pages

CITES Compliance system: primary rules and information

chapter 3|35 pages

Primary rules

chapter 4|27 pages

Information system

part III|153 pages

CITES compliance system: non-compliance response

chapter 5|43 pages

Problem countries

chapter 6|25 pages

Problem issues

chapter 7|30 pages

Significant Trade Review

chapter 8|17 pages

High-Profile Appendix I species

part IV|73 pages

Weaknesses, lessons and potential conflict

chapter 10|32 pages

Weaknesses in the CITES compliance system

chapter 11|21 pages

Learning from other compliance systems1

chapter 12|18 pages

Relationship with the WTO

part V|18 pages

Looking to the future

chapter 13|16 pages

Conclusions and recommendations