ABSTRACT

Concerned with the area of illegal transactions, this text addresses practical issues, for example: who can raise the issue of illegality?; must illegality be pleaded? And when can a party recover money or property transferred pursuant to an illegal transaction?



Divided into three main sections the text: deals with illegality as a defence to claims in various departments of the civil law; and examines the forfeiture rule as a tool which one party could compel another to disgorge profits which the other has acquired or would otherwise acquire from his illegal conduct.



The third section of the text discusses the circumstances when, by way of exception, the court will enforce the claim of a person even though that person has been guilty of an illegality. Overall the text provides an account of the illegalities in civil law and a critical analysis of the current rules, with suggestions for reform.

chapter Chapter 1|25 pages

General Introduction

part One|173 pages

The Defence of Illegality

chapter Chapter 2|40 pages

Contract

chapter Chapter 3|24 pages

Restitution

chapter Chapter 4|46 pages

Tort

chapter Chapter 5|26 pages

Title Claims: Legal Title

chapter Chapter 6|26 pages

Title Claims: Equitable Title

chapter Chapter 7|9 pages

Title Claims: Bona Fide Purchaser for Value

part Two|77 pages

The Forfeiture Rule (No One Should Profit From His Own Wrong)

chapter Chapter 8|2 pages

Introduction to Part Two

chapter Chapter 9|48 pages

Benefits Acquired From Crime

chapter Chapter 10|10 pages

Profits Gained Through a Breach of Fiduciary Duty

chapter Chapter 11|4 pages

Profits Acquired from a Breach of Confidence

chapter Chapter 12|5 pages

Benefits Acquired Through a Tort

chapter Chapter 13|5 pages

Benefits Acquired Through a Breach of Contract

part Three|110 pages

General Exceptions

chapter Chapter 14|2 pages

Introduction to Part Three

chapter Chapter 15|18 pages

Claimant is Innocent

chapter Chapter 16|17 pages

Claimant is Not in Pari Delicto

chapter Chapter 17|4 pages

Where the Illegality is Only a Minor Transgression

chapter Chapter 18|9 pages

Damages for Fraud, Breach of Warranty or Negligence

chapter Chapter 19|28 pages

Claimant Withdraws Within the Locus Poenitentiae

chapter Chapter 20|18 pages

Severance

chapter Chapter 21|8 pages

Policy of the Invalidating Rule

chapter Chapter 22|2 pages

Non-Exceptions