ABSTRACT
The Encyclopedia includes 125 entries, beginning with the origins of genetics including historical background on the work of Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin, and progressing to the structure of DNA and modern theories such as selfish genes. All branches of genetics are covered, including the genetics of bacteria, viruses, insects, animals and plants, as well as humans. Important topical issues such as the human genome project, bioethics, the law and genetics, genetic disorders, GM crops, and the use of transgenic animals for food and pharmaceutical products are fully surveyed. A section on techniques and biotechnology includes modern methods of analysis, from DNA fingerprinting to the new science of bioinformatics. The articles, all written by specialists, are largely non-mathematical and progress from general concepts to deeper understanding. Each essay is fully referenced, with suggestions for further reading. The text is supplemented by extensive illustrations, tables and a color plate section. The Encyclopedia of Genetics will be a valuable companion for all those working or studying in the various fields of genetical research, and a fascinating reference for all readers with a basic background in biology. Also includes color inserts.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
letter 1|49 pages
A Introducing Genetics
entry 1|19 pages
Genetics for Newcomers
entry 2|28 pages
Techniques in Molecular Genetics
letter 2|42 pages
B The Origins of Genetics
entry 3|5 pages
From the Great Apes to Gregor Mendel
entry 4|4 pages
Neanderthals
entry 5|6 pages
Gregor Mendel
entry 6|9 pages
Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution
entry 7|7 pages
Darwin and Mendel United: The Contributions of Fisher, Haldane and Wright Up to 1932
entry 8|9 pages
Francis Galton
letter 3|61 pages
C Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses
entry 9|6 pages
Bacteriophages
entry 10|5 pages
Influenza
entry 11|8 pages
Meningitis
entry 12|5 pages
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
entry 13|6 pages
Acquisition and Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes by Promiscuous Plasmids
entry 14|5 pages
Antibiotic Resistance: Theory into Practice
entry 15|8 pages
Escherichia Coli: Genes and the Cell Cycle
entry 16|7 pages
Escherichia Coli: Genome, Genetic Exchange, Genetic Analysis
entry 17|5 pages
Escherichia Coli O157:H7
entry 18|4 pages
Microbial Genomics
letter 4|85 pages
D Genetics of Drosophila and Other Insects
entry 19|6 pages
Drosophila Melanogaster: The Fruit Fly
entry 20|9 pages
Development of the Egg and Early Embryo of Drosophila
entry 21|7 pages
Genetic Dissection of Wing Patterning in Drosophila
entry 22|11 pages
Sex Determination in Drosophila
entry 23|8 pages
Genetic Control of Sex Determination in the Housefly
entry 24|6 pages
Hybrid Dysgenesis Determinants and Other Useful Transposable Elements in Drosophila
entry 25|3 pages
Retrotransposons
entry 26|12 pages
The Role of PAX-6 Homologues in the Development of the Eye and Other Tissues During the Embryogenesis of Vertebrates and Invertebrates
entry 27|21 pages
The Silkworm, Bombyx Mori: A Model Genetic System
letter 5|44 pages
E Genetics of Eukaryotic Micro-Organisms and their Organelles
entry 28|6 pages
Genetics of Paramecium
entry 29|5 pages
Genetics of Malaria Parasites
entry 30|4 pages
Molecular Biology of Malaria Parasites
entry 31|8 pages
Genetics of Tetrahymena Thermophila
entry 32|13 pages
Fungal Genetics
entry 33|6 pages
Fungal Prions
letter 6|76 pages
F Mouse Genetics
entry 34|6 pages
The Mouse T Complex
entry 35|10 pages
Genetic Studies With Mouse Chimaeras
entry 36|8 pages
Ethylnitrosourea (Enu) as a Genetic Tool in Mouse Mutagenesis
entry 37|8 pages
Coat Colour Genetics of Mouse, Man and Other Animals
entry 38|4 pages
Behavioural and Neural Genetics of the Mouse
entry 39|14 pages
The Mouse as a Model for the Study of Genetic Aspects of Alcoholism
entry 40|24 pages
Body Weight Limits in Mice
letter 7|24 pages
G Genetics of Other Mammals
entry 41|7 pages
Large Transgenic Animals – Their Making and Their Use
entry 42|4 pages
Pharmaceutical Proteins from Milk of Transgenic Animals
entry 43|5 pages
Genetics of Wool Production
entry 44|3 pages
Textile Fibres from Goats
entry 45|3 pages
Dog Genetics
letter 8|143 pages
H Human Clinical Genetics
entry 46|9 pages
The Wilms' Tumour 1 Gene WT1: A Tool to Examine the Links Between Cancer and Development
entry 47|5 pages
Trinucleotide Repeat Instability as a Cause of Human Genetic Disease
entry 48|11 pages
Evolution of the Haemoglobins
entry 49|9 pages
Haemoglobinopathies
entry 50|6 pages
Haemochromatosis
entry 51|7 pages
Haemophilia: Patients, Genes and Therapy
entry 52|3 pages
Porphyrias
entry 53|6 pages
Genetics of Mental Retardation
entry 54|8 pages
Genetics of Psychiatric Disorders
entry 55|8 pages
Genetics of Animal and Human Prion Diseases
entry 56|8 pages
Genetics of Huntington's Disease: When More is Less
entry 57|7 pages
Genetics of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
entry 58|9 pages
Genetics of Osteoporosis
entry 59|9 pages
Cystic Fibrosis: Therapy Based on a Molecular Understanding of CFTR
entry 60|8 pages
Hereditary Hearing Loss
entry 61|11 pages
Genetic Eye Disorders
entry 62|5 pages
Genetics of Baldness
entry 63|5 pages
Twinning
entry 64|2 pages
DNA Vaccination
entry 65|5 pages
US Gene Therapy in Crisis
letter 9|84 pages
I Human Non-Clinical Genetics
entry 66|8 pages
Aneuploidy
entry 67|6 pages
Chromosome Banding and the Longitudinal Differentiation of Chromosomes
entry 68|7 pages
Human Cytogenetics
entry 69|5 pages
Genetic Effects of the Atomic Bombs
entry 70|2 pages
Absolute Pitch
entry 71|5 pages
The Testis: The Witness of the Mating System, the Site of Mutation and the Engine of Desire
entry 72|9 pages
Genetics of Human Behaviour
entry 73|4 pages
Handedness: A Look at Laterality
entry 74|14 pages
Genetics of Ageing
entry 75|3 pages
Genetic Aspects of Bioethics
entry 76|12 pages
Law, Ethics and Genetics
entry 77|7 pages
Human Genome Project
letter 10|85 pages
J Plant Genetics
entry 78|5 pages
Separation of the Sexes and Sex Chromosomes in Plants
entry 79|9 pages
Plant Self-Incompatibility
entry 80|5 pages
Cereal Chromosome Evolution and Pairing
entry 81|6 pages
Pinpointing Einkorn Wheat Domestication by DNA Fingerprinting
entry 82|7 pages
Barbara Mcclintock and Transposable Genetic Sequences in Maize (Zea Mays)
entry 83|8 pages
Origin and Evolution of Modern Maize
entry 84|2 pages
Long-Term Selection for Oil and Protein in Maize
entry 85|4 pages
Maize: the Long Trail to QPM
entry 86|2 pages
Pea Genetics
entry 87|5 pages
Super Rice for Increasing the Genetic Yield Potential
entry 88|4 pages
Rice Genetics: Engineering Vitamin A
entry 89|2 pages
Winegrape Origins Revealed by DNA Marker Analysis
entry 90|4 pages
Origin of the Apple (Malus Domestica Borkh.)
entry 91|4 pages
Apples: The Genetics of Fruit Quality
entry 92|6 pages
Apples: The Genetics of Resistance to Diseases and Insect Pests
entry 93|4 pages
Trees: Still Challenging Breeders at the Millennium
entry 94|3 pages
Determining the Impact and Consequences of Genetically Modified Crops
entry 95|3 pages
Environmental Risk Assessment and Transgenic Plants
letter 11|90 pages
K genetics of Cell Organelles, Structures and Function
entry 96|8 pages
Genetic Recombination
entry 97|3 pages
Telomeres
entry 98|9 pages
Introns
entry 99|15 pages
Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
entry 100|2 pages
Cell Cycle Genes
entry 101|8 pages
Centromeres and Kinetochores: From Yeast to Man
entry 102|11 pages
DNA Methylation in Animals and Plants
entry 103|7 pages
Genomic Imprinting
entry 104|16 pages
Genetic Control of Immunological Responses
entry 105|9 pages
X-Chromosome Inactivation
letter 12|53 pages
L DNA-Based Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology
entry 106|12 pages
Gene Targeting
entry 107|4 pages
DNA Fingerprinting
entry 108|10 pages
Comparative Mapping: Tracking Gene Homologues Among Mammals
entry 109|4 pages
DNA from Museum Specimens
entry 110|6 pages
Y-Chromosomal DNA Analysis and the Jefferson–Hemings Controversy
entry 111|6 pages
Forensic DNA Analysis of the Last Russian Royal Family
entry 112|6 pages
The Role of Bioinformatics in the Postsequencing Phase of Genomics
entry 113|3 pages
Genetic Information Online: A Brief Introduction to Flybase and Other Organismal Databases
letter 13|25 pages
M Model Organisms
entry 114|4 pages
Caenorhabditis Elegans
entry 115|6 pages
The Pufferfish as a Model Organism for Comparative Vertebrate Genome Analysis
entry 116|13 pages
Arabidopsis Genetics and Genome Analysis
letter 14|49 pages
N Population Genetics and Evolutionary Studies
entry 117|4 pages
Motoo Kimura and the Neutral Theory
entry 118|6 pages
Selfish Genes
entry 119|10 pages
Evolution of Sex
entry 120|3 pages
Mitochondrial “eve”
entry 121|10 pages
Genetics of Quantitative Characters
entry 122|6 pages
Quantitative Trait Loci: Statistical Methods for Mapping Their Positions
entry 123|5 pages
Conservation Genetics
entry 124|3 pages
Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms
