ABSTRACT
Photons are appealing carriers of quantum information due to the long
distances they can travel with small disturbances to their quantum states.
Optical fibers enable nodes of a network to be linked without a direct line
of sight and the possibility of practical distributed quantum information
processing and communications. However, for photons to be transferred
over relatively long distances their wavelengths should fall within one of the
low-loss optical fiber wavelength bands, i.e., around 1.31µm or 1.55µm.
