ABSTRACT
Advancing edges of research continue to fuel the development of new ϐields. Among them, the most prominent and rapidly emerging ϐield is nanotechnology. It is receiving a lot of attention with a never-seen before enthusiasm because of its potential to literally revolutionize each ϐield in which it is being exploited. Nanotechnology is an area of science devoted to the manipulation of atoms and molecules, leading to the construction of structures in the nanometer-scale-size range (often 100 nm or smaller), which maintain distinct properties. Interestingly, bulk properties of materials break down at these length scales, showing unique phenomena. For example, nano materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have physical properties that are different from their bulk counterparts. Therefore, such
technologies generate new opportunities and applications. However, nano-scale particles are nothing new. They occur naturally and are also formed in combustion processes Nanomaterials and devices provide unique opportunities in the ϐield of medicine. The application of nanotechnology to medicine is referred to as “nanomedicine” or “nanobiomedicine.” This technological advancement has the most apparent role in the ϐield of human health care and is expected to pervade further and revolutionize the practice of medicine. It encompasses all ϐields of science, engineering, and technology that involve imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at the nano-scale and may well have important applications spanning all aspects of disease, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and tissue engineering (Fig. 1.1). Besides, the availability of more durable and better prosthetics, new drug delivery systems are of great invention and scientiϐic interest, which give hope for human health care. Herein, we will be describing these applications of nanotechnology in the ϐield of nanomedicine, followed by future expectations and hurdles that must be overcome before these systems can be translated to clinical use.
