ABSTRACT

From a general point of view, a biosensor may be defined as a measurement system, operating under the fundamental principles of biological recognition and sensing, consisting in two basic components: (1) a probe with a biological recognition element (the bioreceptor), which should provide the sensor with a high degree of selectivity and sensitivity towards the analyte to be detected and; (2) a transducer, which converts the interaction of the analyte with the bioreceptor into some kind of detectable and/or measurable signal.9