ABSTRACT
Typical eukaryotic cells are characterized by the fact that they house a
number of organelles. Figure 12.1a depicts, in a diagrammatic view, such
a cell. Within the cytoplasm, various organelles can be seen: membrane
stacks, lat membrane bags, and vesicles of various sizes. The arrows in the
drawing indicate the fact that most of the organelles-with the exception of
mitochondria and chloroplasts-are constantly involved in membrane low
and membrane transformation. In Fig. 12.1b-f, various organelles of the
eukaryotic cell are shown at higher magniication. It is obvious that all these
organelles exhibit internal ultrastructural organizations with spaces between
membranes and with volume sizes in the nanometer range.
