ABSTRACT
Quantification of input and output signals into and out of a target mechanosensory system and observation of the behavior of proteins involved in the system are essential for understanding the systems. An atomic force microscope (AFM) equipped with a fluorescence microscope is one of the most powerful tools to make such quantitative studies of cellular mechanochemical responses. The equipment allows us to apply an external force to a living cell and record mechanical and biochemical responses of the cell.
