ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTIONDystonia is an uncommon but often debilitating movement disorder with a worldwide prevalence of primary dystonia of 16.43 per 100,000 [1]. The term “dystonia” was first used in 1911 by Oppenheim to describe four patients he treated for muscle spasms and twisted postures [2]. Over time, the definition of dystonia has been refined but it continues to refer to movement disorders that involve involuntary, sustained muscle contractions causing repetitive twisting movements that result in abnormal postures [3].
