ABSTRACT

While oral dosage forms represent the preferred route of drug delivery, there are situations when nonoral routes are indicated. In this chapter, we will present an overview of the issues involved in assessing bioavailability and bioequivalence via nonoral routes of administration. Each route of administration will be presented individually along with a discussion of some of the pharmaceutic and physiologic factors affecting drug absorption. Examples of how some of these factors can interplay in the design and evaluation of these dosage forms will also be presented.