ABSTRACT
Given this delineation, these cheek projections do not include the eye stalks found in the tephritid genera
Themara
(Hardy 1973; 1974),
Pelmatops
and
Pseudopelmatops
(Hardy 1986a), or the wide heads (rudimentary eye stalks?) of
Homoiothemara
(Hardy 1988). Also excluded are highly modified, hornlike bristles such as those found between the eyes of various Trypetini, such as
Vidalia
spp. (e.g., Munro 1938) and
Paramyiolia rhino
(Steyskal) (Steyskal 1972) (see Han, Chapter 11). This chapter reviews the limited information available on the life history and behavior of species
in the subfamily Phytalmiinae. Attention is then focused on the species with antlerlike processes including a discussion of their phylogenetic placement, geographic distribution, and comparative morphology. Finally, I explain what is known regarding the function of these structures and make suggestions about the type of future work that would greatly benefit our understanding of these remarkable flies.
