ABSTRACT
The hardware and system architectural changes that will occur over the next decade, as high performance computing (HPC) enters the exascale era, will be dramatic and disruptive. Not only are scientific simulations forecasted to grow by many orders of magnitude, but also the current methods by which HPC systems are programmed and data are stored are not expected to survive into the exascale. Most of the algorithms outlined in this book have been designed for the petascale-not the exascale-and simply increasing concurrency is insufficient to meet the challenges posed by exascale computing. Changing the fundamental methods by which scientific understanding is obtained from HPC simulations is daunting. This chapter explores some research directions for addressing these formidable challenges.
