ABSTRACT
In 2007, Jim Gray preached about the effects of the Data deluge in the sciences (Hey et al. 2009). While experimental and theoretical paradigms originally led science, some natural phenomena were not easily addressed by analytical models. In this scenario, computational simulation arose as a new paradigm enabling scientists to deal with these complex phenomena. Simulation produced increasing amounts of data, particularly from the use of advanced exploration instruments (large-scale telescopes, particle colliders, etc.) In this scenario, scientists were no longer interacting directly with the phenomena,
CONTENTS
Big Data ................................................................................................................ 133 What Is Semantic Data? ...................................................................................... 135
Describing Semantic Data ............................................................................. 135 Querying Semantic Data ............................................................................... 136
Web of (Linked) Data .......................................................................................... 137 Linked Data ..................................................................................................... 138 Linked Open Data .......................................................................................... 139
Stakeholders and Processes in Big Semantic Data ......................................... 140 Participants and Witnesses ........................................................................... 141 Workflow of Publication-Exchange-Consumption ................................... 144 State of the Art for Publication-Exchange-Consumption ......................... 146
An Integrated Solution for Managing Big Semantic Data ............................ 148 Encoding Big Semantic Data: HDT .............................................................. 149 Querying HDT-Encoded Data Sets: HDT-FoQ .......................................... 154
Experimental Results .......................................................................................... 156 Publication Performance ............................................................................... 157 Exchange Performance .................................................................................. 159 Consumption Performance ........................................................................... 159
Conclusions and Next Steps .............................................................................. 162 Acknowledgments .............................................................................................. 163 References ............................................................................................................. 164
but used powerful computational configurations to analyze the data gathered from simulations or captured by instruments. Sky maps built from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey observations, or the evidences found about the Higgs Boson are just two successful stories of just another paradigm, what Gray called the fourth paradigm: the eScience.
