ABSTRACT
Study of the knowledge gap focuses on inequalities in social power, the relative disparities in knowledge gain among socioeconomic strata, and the interconnections among information sources, mass media channels, and audience elements of the communication subsystem. This chapter describes four theoretical frameworks for approaching knowledge gap research. Two dimensions are cross-tabulated—the social unit of analysis (individual or collective) and social ontology, or nature of existence (naturally occurring or socially constructed). Each perspective permits scholars to pose questions that the others do not. These explanations are followed by descriptions of analyses of knowledge gap literature, multilevel linkages, causal processes, motivations, and types and measurement of knowledge. An example of a knowledge gap study with testable hypotheses is given. After reviewing these topics, researchers may be encouraged to break new ground.
