ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses the aforementioned questions, which spotlight the new anthropogenic hazards related to negligent leadership and the lack of will by elected officials to develop public policy and legislation that ensures protection of the environment, ecology, and social justice. It presents precondition of poverty in any community creates vulnerability despite race or ethnicity. The chapter focuses on what was missed by decision-makers and leadership prior to the landfall of Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria. This meant taking a look at the consequences and outcomes relative to the structural and non-structural mitigation planning that either existed or did not exist prior to landfall of the hurricanes. The chapter examines vulnerabilities of each area, with of course an understanding that our examination is only a cursory view of the potential vulnerabilities that actually are dormant on a continuum of possible vulnerabilities that include anthropogenic causes, as well as technological causes and human-made hazards.
