ABSTRACT

The branch of Public Health Engineering which deals with the perseveration and maintenance of health of the individual and the community by preventing communicable diseases is called Sanitary Engineering. It consists of scientific and methodical collection, conveyance, treatment and disposal of the waste matter by which public health can be protected from offensive and injurious substances. Sewage or wastewater is a dilute mixture of different wastes from residential, commercial, industrial, and other public places. This wastewater includes objectionable organic and inorganic compounds that may not be amenable to conventional treatment processes. The wastewater generated from the household activities contributes to the major part of the sewage. Depending upon the type of waste, two systems may be employed for its collection, conveyance, and disposal, mainly conservancy system and water carriage system. Structures which are constructed at suitable intervals along the sewerage system to help its efficient operation and maintenance are called as sewer appurtenances.