ABSTRACT
Since the entire dc distribution system is built around the battery and various circuits need to also be supplied with a dc voltage, dc/dc converters are popular in automotive applications. The switched-mode dc/dc converters without galvanic isolation can produce an output voltage higher than the input voltage or can produce an output voltage lower than the input voltage. A power converter able to decrease the level of dc voltage from the input source to the output connected load is called a buck converter. While the buck and boost converters have a very simple structure and are highly used in practice, several other topologies have been proposed to address specific applications. The buck/boost converter and the Cuk converter are other possible solutions using a single switch. The limitation for the transfer of energy through the direct converter comes from the possibility of the transformer magnetizing due to the unipolar current pulse transferred through the forward converter.
