ABSTRACT
The electromagnetic (e.m.) waves consist of electric and magnetic fields. The direction of electric field, magnetic field and propagation are mutually perpendicular to each other. The radio waves to some extent can be related to the waves produced in water due to some disturbance. The only difference is, that radio waves are transverse whereas water waves are longitudinal. The number of layers, their height and the amount of sky waves that can be bent by them will vary from day to day, month to month and year to year. Electromagnctic Wave after being radiated by the transmitting antenna may be divided into various parts. Skywave propagation is used for long distance communication. Ground Wave Propagation is effective for short distance communication at low frequency. Surface Wave is a part of ground wave, which travels in contact with the surface of earth. Propagation of radio waves is used in radio communication for transmission over short and long distance.
