ABSTRACT
Soils occur very near the surface of the Earth and are essentially the products of the action of the weather and the climate on rocks. Weathering of rock in situ leads to the formation of residual soils. These may be eroded, transported and laid down as deposited soils. The engineering properties of soils and how they occur in the ground depend to a great extent on their geological origins and so geotechnical engineers need to know something about geology.
