ABSTRACT
A key component to rational decision-making and appropriate goal-directed behaviors is the ability to evaluate reward value, predictability, and risk accurately. The reward circuit, central to mediating this information and to assessing the likely outcomes from different choices effectively, is a complex neural network. While the hypothalamus and other subcortical structures are involved in processing information about basic, or primary, rewards, higher-order cortical and subcortical forebrain structures are engaged when complex choices about these fundamental needs are required. Moreover, choices often involve secondary rewards, such as money, power, or challenge, that are more abstract (compared to primary needs). Although cells that respond to different aspects of reward such as
11.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 235 11.2 The Place of the Reward Circuit in the Basal Ganglia ......................................................... 237
11.2.1 Orbital Prefrontal Cortex and Anterior Cingulate Cortex ........................................ 238 11.2.2 The Ventral Striatum ................................................................................................ 239
11.2.2.1 Special Features of the Ventral Striatum ................................................... 239 11.2.2.2 Connections of the Ventral Striatum .........................................................240
