ABSTRACT
This chapter aims to examine general trends in the transformation of the R&D institutions in the machinery industry, based on statistics officially used for monitoring the reform of the scientific and technological management system in China since 1985. The statistical data shows the shares of institute income derived from government funds and from market earnings (the latter is recorded in the statistics as ‘horizontal earnings’). The figure for horizontal earnings is used here as an indicator of the extent to which the institute’s activities have been ‘marketized’. The statistics also show the composition of the market earnings, under several headings: ‘technology development’, ‘technology transfer’, ‘technological consultancy and technological services’, ‘trial production’ and ‘other production and sales’. This data will be used to identify the nature of the contractual relationships between the R&D institutes and their users on the technology market during the current reforms.
