ABSTRACT
The Nationalist Party and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) renewed their ongoing civil war during 1946. This conflict ended in 1949 with the creation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the removal of the Nationalist government to Taiwan. Unlike other periods of civil war, such as the Taipings, both the Nationalists and the Communists were Han Chinese; but, like the Taipings, there was an important north-south component, as the Communists in northern China defeated the southern-based government of Jiang Jieshi. There was also an important ideological similarity with other Chinese wars, since the Communists’ anti-imperialist ideology played on the Han xenophobic hatred of foreigners, much as the Boxers had tried to do forty-five years before.
