ABSTRACT
Thereisayetunresolvedconflictwhethereconomicinterestsdetermine politicalactionsorwhethereconomicbehavioradjuststopoliticallydetermined situations.Inthischapter,itisshownthatacombinationofbothapproachesis necessarytounderstandnineteenth-centurynationalandsupranationalmonetaryintegration.1ThenationalcasesofSwitzerland,ItalyandGermanyare presentedasexamplesforsuccessfulattempts,andthesupranationalAustroGermanMonetaryUnion,LatinMonetaryUnionandScandinavianMonetary Unionasexamplesforfailures?Giventhatinternationalactionsareinfluenced bynationalinterestgroups,thequestioniswhatinterestsarebehindearly attemptstomonetaryintegration,andwhatmakesthemsuccessfulorfail?
