ABSTRACT
Columbia's authorities were more concerned with the two major colleges in New York City. Low and Butler thought that one way to end the threat they posed was to acquire their plants and terminate their corporate identities. In 1902, not long after the first administration of CEEB examinations, Maxwell petitioned the CEEB for permission to use its exams as final subject tests offered in the New York City high schools. There was no public university within New York, that is, no institution composed of undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools supported by public funds. Columbia considered several strategies in an attempt to head off passage of the Austin-Mahoney legislation. Creation of the new institution meant that Columbia's relative importance in the politics of education in New York State would diminish. Butler had never intended that Columbia train all future American leaders by itself.
