ABSTRACT
The former Greater Manchester Council developed another variant of integrated forecasting. During the 1970s the expansion of oil-related activities attracted in-migrants to Grampian Region, but this was constrained by a shortage of housing. In response to these developments and the inadequacies of the linear-deductive approach, Grampian Regional Council developed its own model for integrated forecasting. The underlying structure of integration is similar to that of Gloucestershire. The need to test different policy frameworks and to produce regular updates of forecasts as circumstances changed led to considerable development of integrated forecasting techniques. Integrated forecasting is an advance on linear-deductive methods of forecasting. While, in general, integrated forecasts are of more value, individual forecasts are still of use in giving some indication of longer-term changes, for it is inappropriate to forecast activities in equilibrium for other than a few years.
