ABSTRACT

Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 181 Antimicrobial Activity ................................................................................................................. 182

Experimental Protocol .......................................................................................................... 183 Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................ 184

Antineoplastic Activity: Potato Tumor Induction Assay............................................................. 185 Experimental Protocol .......................................................................................................... 186 Results and Discussion ......................................................................................................... 186

Antineoplastic Activity: Cell Proliferation Assay ....................................................................... 187 Experimental Protocol .......................................................................................................... 188 Results and Discussion ......................................................................................................... 188

Mutagenicity Activity................................................................................................................... 189 Experimental Protocol .......................................................................................................... 190 Results and Discussion ......................................................................................................... 190

Constituent Analysis .................................................................................................................... 192 Experimental Protocol .......................................................................................................... 192 Results and Discussion ......................................................................................................... 192

Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 194 Ethanolic Tinctures ............................................................................................................... 196 Glycerol Extract .................................................................................................................... 197 Dried Root Complex ........................................................................................................... 197

Acknowledgment.......................................................................................................................... 198 References .................................................................................................................................... 198

Echinacea

species (coneflowers) are important plants in both the pharmaceutical and ornamental industries.