ABSTRACT
The surgical anatomy of the prostate and its related structures has been refi ned in relatively recent years, enabling the popularization of radical prostatectomy as a routine procedure in everyday urological practice. A precise knowledge of the topographic anatomy of the dorsal vein complex, the urethral sphincteric complex, the neurovascular bundles, and the periprostatic fasciae has allowed a considerable reduction in blood loss, excellent continence, and potency rates with good cancer control. In spite of these achievements, some controversies exist as regard the anatomical details of certain structures. The number of layers of Denonvilliers’ fascia is still a matter of debate as are the type of structures forming the sphincteric mechanism and the shape of the rhabdosphincter. On the other hand, a precise knowledge of the topographic location of the pelvic plexus and the neurovascular bundles, the possible variations in the course of the deep dorsal vein branches, or the occurrence of pudendal accessory vessels may help the surgeon to improve both the oncological and the functional results of the procedure.
