Cystoscopy

The urethroscope consists of an external sheath (sizes 15 and 24 Fr) and a 0° lens. The larger sheath can be used in most patients and affords rapid infusion of liquid medium, usually water. The smaller sheath provides almost no flow of infusion liquid, but provides access to small-caliber urethras, as well as allowing vaginoscopy in pediatric patients (Figure 9.1).