ABSTRACT
THE great plan of the last Plantagenet thus failed, and the usurpation of the House of Lancaster, which brought about a new England, allowed a new Ireland to emerge.
Richard had designed enough of a new peerage in his Lordship of Ireland to stiffen the old and make a new English interest, but in the event neither Mortimer, Mowbray, Albemarle, nor Grey succeeded in restoring the old lordships or planting garrisons or colonies in Ulster, Desmond, or Leinster. His plan of a Pale east of the Boyne and the Barrow in which, after MacMurrough and his chiefs had marched out, new grantees such as Beaumont should make their grants effective, also came to nothing, and neither the old Irish nor the settled 'Old English' population received any new blood.'
