Genitive subjects in Altaic and specification of phases 1

Subjects may appear with the genitive case marker in certain instances. Three Altaic ² languages exemplify this—Dagur (Mongolian; Hale 2002; Martin 1961), Japanese (Bedell 1972; Harada 1971), and Turkish (Kornfilt 1984).

(1) [Mini au-sen] mer^y-min^y sain. Dagur

1SG.GEN buy-PERF horse-1SG.GEN good

‘The horse I bought is good.’ (Hale 2002, 109)

(2) [Watasi-no katta] uma-wa ii. Japanese

me-GEN bought horse-TOP good

‘The horse I bought is good.’

(3) [Ben-im al-diğ-1m] at iyi-dir. Turkish

me-GEN buy-NL_FACT-1SG horse good-is

‘The horse I bought is good.’ (Jaklin Kornfilt, personal communication)