ABSTRACT
In common with many European coasts, the Bulgarian Black Sea coast is exposed to the combined effects of natural and anthropogenic hazards, the most crucial being persistent coastal erosion and human occupation. Between Cape Emine and Nessebar town, flysch sediments outcrop and on Nessebar Peninsula, Crimean-Caucasian limestone is found. About 20 per cent of the Bulgarian coast has been identified as vulnerable to inundation at given scenarios of extreme sea level rise. Large-scale erosion studies started in the 1980s by the Geozashtita organization, which became an executive agency responsible for Bulgarian shore protection. Extreme wind waves are the main cause of flooding in low-lying coastal areas and these also cause erosion and landslides with consequent damage to buildings and developments, as well as people. Natural and human factors causing coastal erosion Managing erosion through various hard engineering methods often has adverse effects on the natural landscape and coastal dynamics.
