ABSTRACT
Domestication is understood as involving different human actions at distinct levels in the organization of biodiversity, from species population level to the level of ecological communities and landscapes (Clement, 1999). The human management of a particular landscape can, for example, result in a more domesticated environment. Desired outputs of that management include an increase in the occurrence of useful species, an altered demographic structure of species, and increased ecosystem productivity (Clement et al., 2010). Anthropogenic forests fit within domesticated landscapes (Balée, 1989) and we have much evidence of large-scale changes of landscapes in the Amazonian rainforest caused by human management (Fraser et al., 2011). A domesticated landscape can be understood as a historical, cultural and evolutionary expression of the relationship between people and their environment, occurring at a specific location that is not necessarily natural or pristine (Balée, 2006; Johnson and Hunn, 2010).
