ABSTRACT
Tunneling is an important underground operations in construction and in underground mining. Today, many subways or highways are built underground or going through mountains by tunneling. In addition, in underground mining much development of the underground structure is accomplished through tunneling. Most economical method of tunneling is by drilling and blasting. Construction of tunnels is expensive and costly. Maximizing the tunneling rate (productivity) is always desirable for minimizing tunneling cost. However, in many cases tunnels have to go through regions close to residential houses or sensitive structures, such as hospitals, museums, or other underground tunnels or structures requiring careful
2 MULTIPLE SEED WAVEFORM VIBRATION MODEL
The MSW blast vibration model differs from most existing blast vibration models in several aspects.
