ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES The present study had a number of objectives. The overall and primary aim was to have another opportunity to look at the same organizations in the same countries in Europe ten years after the first survey, and learn about any changes that might have occurred. More specifically, we wanted to see whether the external and formal influence and power structures and the extent of participative behaviour inside organizations had changed and whether the previous finding of a positive relationship between formal power structures and de facto participation was still true in the 1980s.
