ABSTRACT
A programming language possesses two fundamental features: syntax and semantics. Syntax refers to the appearance of the well-formed programs of the language, and semantics refers to the meanings of these programs. A language’s syntax can be formalized by a grammar or syntax chart; such a formalization is found in the back of almost every language manual. A language’s semantics should be formalized as well, so that it can appear in the language manual, too. This is the topic of this chapter.
