ABSTRACT
Ethics and Morals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 894 Ethical Decision-Making. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895
Assess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896 Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896 Implement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896 Evaluate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897
Values/Value Clarification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897 Policy and Societal Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897 Evidence-Based Practice and Outcomes Research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 898 Resource Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899
Bioethical Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899 Advocacy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900
Uncertainty/Predicting Life’s Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900 Life-Sustaining Treatment/Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901 Life-Enhancing Treatment/Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902 Proactive Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903 Safety vs. Risk and Benefit/Burden Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903 Quality of Life Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 Medical Necessity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 Navigating the Health Care and Educational Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 Parental Autonomy/Adolescent Decision-Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905 End-of-Life Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906 Reaching Adulthood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907 Acknowledgment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907
Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with rightness or wrongness of certain actions. Morals is concerned with established principles or rules of conduct. The terms
ethics
and
morals
are frequently interchanged, but they are different, and no definitions have been universally accepted. Morals are descriptive; they describe what
is
. Ethics are prescriptive and describe what
should be
. Another viewpoint is that morals pertain to groups and ethics pertain to individuals. Because this book is focusing on individuals who are life care planners or case managers, the discussion will focus on the ethical issues they face.
