ABSTRACT
In this chapter, Manulani Aluli-Meyer propounds “the triangulation of meaning” or “holographic epistemology” as an indigenous Hawaiian way of knowing while challenging the dominant research worldview based on the Newtonian notion of space. For Aluli-Meyer, the triangulation of meaning (i.e., the integration of the body, the mind, and the spirit) recognizes (1) the significance of spirituality in knowing, (2) a deep relationship with space as it feeds us and shapes our consciousness, (3) a reliance on our uniquely experienced cultural nature of the senses to expand our idea of empiricism, (4) the primacy of human relationships because knowledge is a product of interaction and dialogue with others, (5) the purposefulness of knowing, namely, to heal, to bring together, to challenge, to surprise, to encourage, or to expand our awareness, (6) a critical self-reflection with a keen awareness of the consequences of language, and (7) the wholeness or the union of the body and the mind in engaging with deeper reality. Like Sarah Amira de la Garza (Chapter 10), Aluli-Meyer calls attention to the spiritual dimension of knowing and the unbreakable relationship between humans and nature (land, space, etc.), which are often absent in Eurocentric research methodologies.
