Aid

At the other end of the spectrum, especially in the academic literature, adaptation (or rather the need to adapt) can be seen as a means for social transformation and not simply for protecting what exists (Adger et al. 2006). Because climate change was brought about by a lack of good environmental governance, adaptation presents the opportunity to “reflect upon and enact change in those practices and underlying institutions that generate root and proximate causes of risk” (Pelling 2011: 21). Adaptation here is a social process to create new governance structures that can avoid past externalities and their subsequent cases of social and environmental injustices.