ABSTRACT
The hydraulic jump is a rapidly varied transition from supercritical to sub-critical flow in an open channel. It is the basic phenomenon used to dissipate excess hydrodynamic energy, mainly into heat. This chapter focuses on classical hydraulic jump involving the basic jump type as found in the smooth horizontal, rectangular channel. It describes the sloping jump, that is a hydraulic jump in a sloping channel and the submerged jump. The classical hydraulic jump is a basic physical phenomenon that is commonly used in stilling basins. The loading of a floor beneath a hydraulic jump, and damage due to fatigue, structural resonance or cavitation depends significantly on the fluctuations of the turbulent pressure. The transition between free and submerged gate flow is dynamic and highly pulsating. Submerged jumps are much longer than the corresponding classical jump.
