of children in out-of-home settings. When several measures such as these are of of adolescents in

aggregated, associations between parent atoibutes and children's behavior can be quite substantial. Parenting variables have typically accounted for 20% to 50% the variance in child outcomes (Conger & Elder 1994, Reiss et al 1995). Exception- ally robust connections are reported in the recent large-scale study never-divorced and step-families, Hetherington and colleagues (Hetherington et al