ABSTRACT
Information systems (IS) are used so often and universally that we cannot even conceive a world without computerized systems. IS support important functions in most areas, including business, leisure, and science. Moreover, IS add to the competitiveness of companies, help with the continuous change that takes place, and underpin business activities. However, some of the systems designed to support these functions do not deliver their expected outcomes. Many references to failed or challenged systems are reported on in the media (see, for example, KPMG, 2005; Standish, 1999, 2001, 2004). A distinction is often made between failed systems that are canceled prior to installation and challenged systems that exceed their cost and schedule timelines and experience some trouble during development before eventually being put into operation.
