Cognitive Development and Exposure to Violence in Children

The effects of violence on a child can only be understood in thecontext of the changing child and his or her changing environment, including familial and societal expectations for the child (Pynoos, 1993). Violence is interpreted based on the child’s own capacities to appraise and understand violence, to respond to and cope with danger, and to utilize environmental resources that offer protection and support (Finkelhor & KendallTackett 1997).